跨季节蓄冷特性与系统设计优化

考虑现有采暖供冷技术能耗高或适用性低等特点,提出以冰源热泵为核心的跨季节蓄冷技术。以5种系统方案为研究对象,建立系统模型定量评价分析不同方案在不同区域的能耗特性以及经济效益。结果表明：1）方案3（跨季节蓄冷）、方案4（跨季节蓄冷与夜间蓄冷）、方案5（土壤源热泵）的一次能源消耗量和污染物排放量比方案1（空气源热泵）和方案2（集中供热与冷水机组）少50%以上;2）跨季节蓄能技术可有效提高系统的全年COP值,其存储效率和循环次数可达到96%和2.1次;3）上海适用空气源热泵方案,北京适用跨季节蓄冷方案,沈阳适用集中供暖方案;4）在北京,对于3万m²以上供暖供冷面积的大型建筑,采用方案4的增量投资回收期只有约3 a。

CHARACTERISTICS OF SEASONAL COOL STORAGE TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF SYSTEM

Considering that the current heating and cooling technology is usually high energy consuming and low usability, seasonal cool storage technology based on ice source heat pump is proposed. By comparison of 5 cases, system model is built. Energy consumption and economic benefits are quantitatively evaluated in different districts. It is found：1）Primary energy consumption and pollutant emissions of Case 3, 4 and 5 are at least 50% lower than Case 1 or 2; 2）Seasonal cool storage technology can increase the yearly COP. The storage effeciency and No. of storage cycles in seasonal cool storage can reach 96% and 2.1; 3）Shanghai is appropriate for ice heat pump. Beijing is appropriate for seasonal cool storage. Shenyang is appropriate for central heating system; 4）For the large building more than 30000 m² in Beijing, the incremental payback period of Case 3 is only about 3 years.