人参可利用内生菌株的筛选和鉴定

目的研究吉林产人参Panax ginseng内生菌资源状况,筛选出对人参病原菌具有拮抗作用的内生菌。方法采用混菌法初筛和发酵液拮抗法复筛来筛选具有拮抗活性的菌株,并用16 S r DNA和ITS方法鉴定筛选得到的内生菌株。结果在人参中共分离获得133株内生菌,通过初筛和复筛后,从中选出了4株对人参病原菌具有较好拮抗作用的菌株,分别为B16、B25、B69和F32,其中B16、B25和B69对6种以上病原菌均表现出了抑菌作用,F32对菌核病菌、疫病菌和根腐病菌的抑菌效果最好,其抑菌圈直径均大于35 mm,经鉴定它们分别为甲基营养型芽孢杆菌、解淀粉芽胞杆菌、死谷芽孢杆菌和齿孢青霉。结论人参内生菌具有多样性,并有拮抗病原菌活性高的菌株存在,可以成为人参病害生防菌的新来源。

Screening and identification of available endophytes in roots of Panax ginseng

Objective To investigate the resource situation of endophytes in the roots of Panax ginseng (ginseng) of Jilin province and to select endophytes with antagonistic effect on pathogenic fungi of ginseng. Methods Strains with antagonistic effect were screened by applying mixed strains method during preliminary screening and adopting antagonism method of fermentation liquor in re-screening. Besides, the selected endophytes were identified via 16S rDNA and ITS methods. Results One hundred and thirty-three endophytes were isolated from ginseng. After preliminary screening and re-screening, four strains with good antagonistic effect on pathogenic fungi of ginseng were selected: B16, B25, B69, and F32. Among them, B16, B25, and B69 showed an inhibitory effect on six pathogenic fungi; F32 had a good inhibitory effect on Seclerotinia schinseng, Phytophthora cactorum, and Fusarium solani, with an inhibitory zone diameter of greater than 35 mm; According to the identification, B16, B25, B69, and F32 were Bacillus methylotrophicus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. vallismortis, and Penicillium daleae, respectively. Conclusion Endophytes in ginseng are diversified and there also exist strains with high antagonistic effect, which can be a good source for biocontrol bacterium and fungus of ginseng diseases.