虚拟施工的BIM应用:三大高校合作项目

越来越多的设施业主要求项目组移交竣工BIM模型,以便用于建筑的运营和维护。根据项目要求的不同,业主可能将竣工模型建立与移交的责任指派给总承包商。因此,施工队伍的各成员不但越来越需要熟悉BIM建模软件的应用,还需熟悉利用可靠的设施信息支持完整BIM的必要业务流程。竣TBIM模型的创建,要求承包商首先要基于建筑师、工程师和顾问等设计师所提供的图纸和信息的基础上,创建建筑,结构和设备模型。这要求承包商的组织机构内要有一名人员具备各与专业设计模型相关的技能和知识。一旦设计模型被创建(或重新创建),承包商可将这些模型用于开发施工用的BIM模型。一个完整的施工模型通常包括:成本估算,施工进度计划、冲突检测与分析以及现场物流。业主对设施管理用竣工模型提出新增要求,包括添加运营和维护用的具体数据。本文所述项目旨在为了更好地了解,在为业主实施BIM的项目上,承包商对项目所起作用的复杂性。为实现此目标,三所大学合作建立了数个校际团队,从每所学校各抽调一名学生分配至三个团队的一个,充当BIM商业建筑项目BIM应用里的承包商角色。本文从两个方面汇报项目的挑战和细节:导师——项目组织、学习目标和策略,学生——项目组织、团队合作过程以及策略。

BIM FOR VIRTUAL CONSTRUCTION:A COLLABORATION OF THREE UNIVERSITIES

Increasingly facility owners require a project team turnover an as-built building information modeling(BIM) for use in operations and maintenance of a building.Depending on the project requirements,the owner may assign the responsibility for the creation and turn-over of the asbuilt model to the general contractor.As a result there is an increasing need for members of the construction team to be familiar with both the software application for BIM creation and the business processes necessary to support a complete BIM with reliable information about the facility.The creation of an as-built BIM requires the contractor must first create the architectural,structural,and mechanical models based on drawings and information provided by the designers - architects,engineers,and consultants.This requires there be an individual within the contractor’s organization with skills and knowledge about various aspects related to each design model.Once the design models are(re)created,the contractor uses them to develop the BIM for construction.A complete construction model typically includes the cost estimate,construction schedule,conflict detection with analysis, and site logistics.The added requirement by the owner of an as-built model for facility management involves adding the data specific for operations and maintenance.The goal of the project presented in this paper is to better understand the complexity of a contractor’s role on a project for which the contractor is responsible for the BIM to the owner.To accomplish the goal,three universities collaborated to form interuniversity teams with one student from each university distributed to each team to fill the contractor’s role of using BIM for a commercial building project.This paper reports the challenges and the details about the project from two perspectives:1) instructors - project organization,learning objectives,and strategies,and 2) students - project organization,team process,and strategies.