地电化学提取法的理论与实验研究

根据离子溶液电化学的基本性质和稳定电流场的基本理论，通过理论计算和物理模拟实验，指出：离子在外电场作用下，由所在地点迁移至接收电极所需时间与多种因素有关，当外界条件一定时，加大供电电流强度可减少接收时间；离子淌度值很小，由实测时量曲线计算出的ｕｉ值，一般不超过几个ｃｍ２·ｈ－１·Ｖ－１单位，因此欲提取深部离子，即使在最有利条件下也是非常困难的；由不同供电电流强度测出的时量曲线，计算得到的淌度值是相等的，因此改变供电电流强度并不能改变离子淌度值，但当围岩介质的颗粒度较大时，可使离子淌度值变大；离子的迁移质量与供电电量Ｑ＝Ｉ·ｔ成正比，因此在供电电流强度不变的条件下，采用间断供电方式可取得与连续供电相同的结果；通过浅部已存在的离子晕，用电提取法可以发现深部隐伏矿体。

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR GEOELECTROCHEMICAL EXTRACTION METHOD

According to the basic electrochemical properties of ionic solutions, the basic theory of DC electric field and based on the theoretical calculation and physical modelling experiment studies this paper indicates that the ionic transference time from their previous positions to the receiving electrode under the external electric field is affected by many factors. The time can be reduced with the increasement of the current supplied. The ionic mobility is low, and the calculated u i value by using the observed time capacity curve is no more than a few cm 2·h -1 ·V -1 units. Even under the most favorable condition, it is extremely difficult to extract the deep ions. The calculations of the ionic mobility from the observed time capacity curves with the differently supplied currents indicate that the ionic mobility can not be altered through the changing of the current. Neverthless, the ionic mobility may become more higher when the size of grains of medium increases. The ionic transference mass is proportional to the quantity of electricity supplied, i.e., Q=I·t . For a constant current with either continuous or discontinuous electricity supply, the extraction results is equal. The Geoelectrochemical Extraction Method is capable to detect deep ores through shallow ionic aureoles which are related to the formation of deep ores.