256层螺旋CT评价国人剑突形态变异

目的利用256层螺旋CT评价中国人群中剑突形态的变异情况。方法回顾性分析620例接受256层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像的患者的影像学资料,通过MPR、MIP以及3D VR技术显示剑突形态。结果所有620例均显示剑突。304例（304/620,49.03%）剑突凹向腹侧,其中77例剑突末端弯曲似鱼钩样;303例（303/620,48.87%）剑突平伸,与胸骨柄呈同一轴线;9例（9/620,1.45%）剑突外凸;4例（4/620,0.65%）呈反S型。剑突末端无分叉者362例（362/620,58.39%）,两分叉者242例（242/620,39.03%）,三分叉者16例（16/620,2.58%）。155例（155/620,25.00%）剑突有假孔,其中129例（129/620,20.81%）剑突有1个假孔,26例（26/620,4.19%）剑突有2个或多个假孔。46例（46/620,7.42%）剑突偏移胸骨正中线,其中24例（24/620,3.87%）剑突偏向右侧,22例（22/620,3.55%）剑突偏向左侧。317例（317/620,51.13%）剑突与胸骨体末端相融合。结论剑突形态具有明显的个体差异,256层螺旋CT能够清晰显示其解剖学变异情况。

Evaluation on the anatomic variations of xiphoid process in Chinese adults with 256-slice spiral CT

Objective To evaluate the interindividual variations of the xiphoid process in Chinese adults with 256-slice spiral CT.Methods Totally 620 consecutive patients who underwent coronary CT angiography were included in this study.MPR,MIP images on coronal and sagittal planes,and three-dimensional VR reconstruction images were obtained and used for the evaluation of the anatomic features of the xiphoid process.Results The xiphoid process was present in all 620 patients.The xiphoid process was deviated ventrally in 304 patients(304/620,49.03%).In 77 of these 304 patients,ventral curving at the end of the xiphoid process resembled a hook.The xiphoid process was aligned in the same axis as the sternal corpus in 303 patients(303/620,48.87%).The tip of the xiphoid process curved dorsally like a hook in 9 patients(9/620,1.45%).In 4 patients(4/620,0.65%),the xiphoid process showed a reverse "S’ shape.The xiphoidal ending was single in 362(362/620,58.39%) patients,double in 242(242/620,39.03%),or triple in 16(16/620,2.58%).Meanwhile,155 patients(155/620,25.00%) had xiphoidal foramen,129 patients(129/620,20.81%) had only one xiphoidal foramen and 26 patients(26/620,4.19%) had two or more foramina.Xiphoidal deviated from the middle line of sternum in 46 patients(46/620,7.42%),24(24/620,3.87%) to the right side,and 22(22/620,3.55%) to the left side.Sternoxiphoidal fusion was present in 317 patients(317/620,51.13%).Conclusion Significant interindividual variations were detected in the xiphoid process in Chinese adult.Excellent anatomic evaluation capacity of 256-slice spiral CT facilitates the detection of variations of the xiphoid process as well as the whole ribcage.