世博会主题馆钢结构设计与分析研究

主题馆作为2010年上海世博会 “一轴四馆”核心建筑群的重要组成部分，建筑平面南北向217.8m、东西向288.0m，其中，西侧展厅为126m×180m无柱大空间。针对屋盖跨度大、整体结构超长且平面不规则等特点，对屋盖结构体系选型和下部框架支撑体系选型进行了详细比选，最终，屋盖采用了由索撑张弦桁架与立体桁架组成的长度为270m的4跨连续梁结构，下部钢框架采用了钢支撑与粘滞阻尼支撑形成的混合支撑框架体系。对结构设计中的一些关键问题进行了分析研究，得到以下结论：与局部抽空方案相比，屋盖满堂支撑方案下结构整体性较好；滑动支座与预应力拉索的合理应用，提高了屋盖结构效率，同时释放了屋盖对下部结构水平推力；混合柱间支撑方案既满足结构抗侧刚度的要求，同时有效降低了超长结构温度作用内力；东侧展厅变截面箱梁方案综合兼顾了建筑形式、结构受力以及设备管线穿行的要求。

Structural analysis and design of Theme Pavilion of the World Expo 2010.

As an important building of the core area with one axis and four pavilions of the Shanghai 2010 World Exposition, the Theme Pavilion has a plan dimension of 217.8m by 288m with its western exhibition hall covering a column-free space of 126m×180m. As the roof span is very large and the whole structure is super long with irregular plan, the roof structural system and the braced frame system are investigated in detail. For the final design, the roof structural system adopted a 270m long four-span continuous beam which has a 126m-span truss string structure and three-span spatial trusses, and the steel frame adopted mixed column brace system composed of steel brace and energy dissipation brace. The paper discusses several key challenges in the design. The analytical results show that comparing with roof brace with opening scheme, the full framing roof brace scheme can assure roof structural stability. The applications of sliding bearings and cables improve the efficiency of roof structure and release roof thrust to the supporting structure. Mixed column brace scheme not only satisfies structural lateral rigidity requirement, but also releases the unfavorable force resulting from temperature variation. It is also shown that non-uniform box girder scheme of east exhibition hall can accommodate the complex combination of architectural demand, structural performance and equipment alignment.