男性青年踝关节外侧副韧带损伤后行走步态分析

目的 获取青年男性踝关节外侧韧带损伤者行走时踝关节的运动学和动力学参数，探讨损伤者行走步态的生物力学特性。方法 采用Qualisys MCU500三维运动影像捕捉系统与Kistler三维测力台，对踝关节外侧副韧带损伤者与健康者各15名的行走步态进行三维同步测试。结果 踝关节外侧副韧带损伤者竖直方向的地面反力变化平缓；在支撑时相中前期，损伤者前后方向的力要比健康者大；在步态周期的60%之前，损伤者左右方向的力明显大于健康者。损伤者关节跖屈力矩变化与健康者相似，患侧外翻力矩、外旋力矩最大，损伤者健侧输出功率最大。结论 损伤者踝关节的稳定性下降，行走时步态异常，为减少患侧负荷，健侧出现代偿效应，足着地瞬间加速过度到垂直支撑时相。本研究为预防踝关节以及损伤后的临床治疗以及康复训练等提供一定的理论参考。

Gait analysis on young male with collateral ligament injury of ankle joint

Objective To obtain kinematic and kinetic parameters of the ankle joint from young man with ankle lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injury during walking, and to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of gaits by these ankle-injured patients. Methods Qualysis MCU500 3D image capture system and Kistler 3D force platform were used to test synchronously the gait of 15 patients with LCL injury and 15 healthy young men. Results For patients with LCL injury, the vertical component of ground reaction force (GRF) changed smoothly, and the posterior anterior component of GRF and the medial-lateral component of GRF were larger than that of healthy young men during anterior-middle support phase and during 60% anterior support phase, respectively. The moment of ankle joint plantar flexion in patients with LCL injury and in healthy young men was similar. The largest ecstrophy and extorsion moment of the ankle joint was found at the injured side of patients with LCL injury, with the largest output power in the sound limb of them. Conclusions The stability of the ankle joint in patient with LCL injury was decreased, with abnormal gait appeared during walking. The sound limb had to compensate the injured limb to reduce the load on the injured limb by switching quickly to the phase of vertical support at the moment of heel-striking. This study provides theoretical references for both the prevention and treatment of ankle joint injury in clinic and rehabilitation training.