北京市小型兽类鼠疫监测结果

目的了解北京市自然环境中小型兽类种群组成和种群密度,并检测是否存在鼠疫耶尔森氏菌感染。方法根据动植物历史分布资料在门头沟区、延庆县、怀柔区、密云县设立监测点,在2009、2010年用夹夜法捕捉小型兽类并鉴定物种、计算密度。笼捕法捕捉活鼠,心脏取血后进行鼠疫F1抗体检测。结果北京市2009、2010年小型兽类(主要为啮齿类)密度分别为7.01只/100夹次和3.27只/100夹次。捕获小型兽类10种,其中啮齿类动物8种,食虫目1种,食肉目1种。社鼠、大林姬鼠和黑线姬鼠种群密度和构成最高,2009、2010年3种鼠合计占夹夜法全部捕鼠量的93.81%和85.33%。鼠疫血清学检测标本624件,鼠疫耶尔森氏菌F1抗体均为阴性。结论北京市存在已确定的鼠疫可染疫动物社鼠、大林姬鼠和黑线姬鼠,且为优势种群,目前血清学监测结果暂未发现鼠疫菌感染。

Monitoring restult of plague in small mammals in Beijing

Objectives To investigate the species composition and density of small mammals and to explore the infection of Yersini pestis in natural environment of Beijing.Methods The surveillance was conducted in 2009 and 2010.Monitoring spots were set up in Mentougou District,Yanqing County,Huairou District and Miyun County which were selected according to the history data of mammals and plants distribution.The species were identified,and the density was calculated according to the trap-at-night method.The blood samples were collected from the heart of the live small mammals captured by cage-trap method and the anti-Yersini pestis F1 antigen antibody was tested by serological method.Results The small mammals(mainly rodents) density was 7.01/100 and 3.27/100 respectively in 2009 and 2010.Ten kinds of species were captured with eight kinds of rodents,one kind of insectivora and one kind of Carnivora.The three small mammals with the highest species density were Niviventer confucianus,Apodemus peninsulae and Apodemus agrarius which are all rodents.The total proportion of the three rodents was 93.81% and 85.33% in 2009 and 2010,respectively.The serological F1 antibody tests were all negative in 624 blood samples of captured small mammals.Conclusion All of the three rodents with the highest density(Niviventer confucianus,Apodemus peninsulae and Apodemus agrarius) could be infected by Yersini pestis,but no infection of Yersini pestis have been found by serological test method.