北京大学综合自然地理学研究的发展与贡献

北京大学的综合自然地理学缘起于1952年全国院系调整时在本校设置的自然地理学学科,在半个多世纪的发展历程中,经历了学科初创和完善等阶段,逐渐形成了面向学科前沿和国家需求的综合自然地理学学科体系。针对日趋严峻的气候变化、资源环境和社会经济发展问题,北京大学综合自然地理学在陆地表层过程及机理、土地利用/覆被变化及其生态环境效应、生态系统服务与人类福祉、生态风险评价与安全格局构建、自然地域系统划分等方面进行了开拓创新,取得了丰硕成果,引领了中国综合自然地理学的发展。展望未来,北京大学综合自然地理学将持续进行水、土、气、生等自然地理要素与过程的综合研究,认识人类活动与全球环境变化对主要自然地理过程和格局的影响机理,通过构建观测数据与地表系统模型融合系统,定量评估要素与过程耦合的区域资源环境效应及其对社会经济的影响,在生态文明建设、主体功能区划、国土开发整治和流域综合管理等国家战略服务方面做出更大贡献。

Recent research progress at Peking University and contributions to integrated physical geography

The development of integrated physical geography at Peking University can be traced back to 1952, when the national department adjustment was taken and the Department of Physical Geography was set up at Peking University. Over the course of more than half a century, a discipline system of integrated physical geography has been gradually formed facing the disciplinary frontier and national needs. In view of the increasingly severe problems related with climate change, natural resources, eco-environment and socio-economic development, integrated physical geography of Peking University has made great progress in land surface process and mechanism, land use/cover change and its eco-environmental effects, ecosystem services and human well-beings, ecological risk assessment and security pattern construction, and physical geographical division, taking a leading role in the development of China's integrated physical geography. Looking forward to the future, the integrated physical geography of Peking University will continue to focus on the mechanism of pattern and process of water, soil, climate and biology, the effects of human activities and global environmental changes on natural geographical process and pattern, quantitative assessment of factors and processes coupled with the regional resources and eco-environmental effects and associated socio-economic impact, constructing a fusion system through coupling observation data and land surface model, so as to make contributions to national strategy such as construction of ecological civilization, main function-oriented zoning, territorial development, and integrated watershed management.