用新型活化剂强化原油蒸馏过程的研究

近年来，我国各大油田开采的原油重质化、劣质化的倾向加大。这些原油密度大、残炭高，蒸馏拔出率低。此外，我国炼油厂常减压装置深拔不够，造成石油资源的浪费。据文献报道^1]，原油中350℃前轻质油的潜含量与常压装置轻质油总拔出率的差值仍占原油总重的5％－7％。随着重油、稠油开采量的增加以及市场对轻质油品的需求日益增大，尤其是国内外市场对柴油的需求量较大，因此，设法提高轻质油品收率，增加柴油产量是目前我国炼化企业亟待解决的问题。

INTENSIFYING DISTILLATION OF CRUDE OIL BY USING NEW ACTIVATOR

By using activator to change the state of crude oil and to diminish the size of dispersed phase,mass transfer in distillation process is intensified and distillate yield is increased.In this work,the new activators R1 and R2 were used as the additives respectively,and the intensifying effects to Daqing crude oil were examined at different concentrations and liquid phase temperatures by means of simple distillation and TBP distillation.The interaction mechanisms between the new activators and the crude oil or residues were analyzed,the intensifying effects by the new activators were also studied.Finally,the conceptual technique of "chemical intensification distillation”was put forward.