氟橡胶包覆层对纳米铝粉性能的影响研究

氟橡胶包覆改性纳米铝粉是近年来含能材料领域的研究热点。为了获得包覆层对纳米铝粉性能的影响规律，将电爆法制备的铝粉包覆5%、10%、15%3种不同含量的氟橡胶，并引入钝化纳米铝粉进行对比研究。利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、物理吸附分析仪、X射线光电子能谱仪及同步热分析仪表征改性前后纳米铝粉的表观形貌、包覆层厚度、比表面积、表面元素价态以及热响应行为，测定活性铝含量和燃烧热。结果表明：改性纳米铝粉形貌规整、粒径分布均匀，比表面积略高于钝化纳米铝粉；氟橡胶包覆层通过化学键吸附在铝粉表面，增强了纳米铝粉的热稳定性，阻止了纳米铝粉的进一步氧化，使其活性铝含量高于自然失活的纳米铝粉，最高达到85.85%；受氟橡胶包覆层的影响，改性纳米铝粉的燃烧热高于钝化纳米铝粉。

Effect of Fluororubber Coating on the Properties of Nano-aluminum Powders

In order to obtain the influence of coating layers on the properties of nano-aluminum powders, the nano-aluminum powders prepared by the electric explosion method are coated with 5%, 10% and 15% of fluororubber. The surface morphologies, coating thicknesses, specific surface areas, elemental valence states and thermal responses of modified nano-aluminum powders are characterized using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, physical adsorption analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and simultaneous thermal analyzer. And the active aluminum contents and combustion heat of different samples were measured. The results show that the specific surface areas of the modified nano-aluminum powders are slightly large than that of the passivated nano-aluminum powders. Fluororubber coatings chemically adsorb on the surface of nano-aluminum powders, which enhances the thermal stability of nano-aluminum powders, prevents the aluminum powders from further oxidation, and makes one of the contents of active aluminum up to 85.85%. The fluororubber promotes the combustion of modified nano-aluminum powders, so that the combustion heat of the modified nano-aluminum powders is more than that of the passivated nano-aluminum powders.