非标准圆筒装药爆轰驱动的试验研究

为了准确预测破片初速，研究爆轰驱动金属柱壳膨胀与断裂的过程细节和内在物理机制。设计梯恩梯炸药爆轰驱动不同壁厚的50SiMnVB钢和45号钢柱壳试验，采用高速转镜式分幅相机和光子多普勒测速仪联合同步测试和诊断，获得金属柱壳膨胀破裂过程的图像信息及膨胀速度历史，揭示了冲击波加载效应和金属柱壳破裂后继续加速过程的趋势和规律。结果表明：相同密度壳体材料随着壳体壁厚的增加，其外表面膨胀速度的振荡幅值增大、脉动次数增多，破裂模式由纯剪切转变为拉剪混合；由于壳体壁厚以及由此产生的不同载荷系数，45号钢壳体破裂时刻都晚于50SiMnVB钢壳体，且随着壁厚的增大，破裂时刻和膨胀破裂半径相差越大，但由于壳体破裂后爆轰产物的继续加速作用，相同壁厚的两种钢壳体膨胀最终状态基本接近。

Experimental Study of the Expansion of Non-standard Metal Cylinders by Detonation

The expansion fracture process and intrinsic physical mechanism of metal cylinder driven by detonation are researched for calculating the initial velocity of fragments. In the experiments, 50SiMnVB steel and 45 steel cylindrical shells with different thickness were driven by TNT explosive detonation. The image information of expansion and the history of velocity were obtained by using a high-speed framing camera and the arrayed photonic Doppler velocimetry. Experiments reveal that the oscillation of expansion velocity is due to shock wave loading, and the expansion velocities of metal cylindrical shells continue to increase after shell rupture. The experimental results show that, for the shells with the same density, the oscillation amplitudes and pulsation times of expansion velocities of the shells increase with the increase in thickness，and the rupture mode changes from pure shear to tension-shear mixing. Because of the different load coefficients caused by different thicknesses of shells, the rupture time of 45 steel shell is later than that of 50SiMnVB steel shell, and with the increase in shell thickness, the difference between rupture time and rupture radius is larger. However, due to the acceleration of detonation products after rupture, the final expansion states of the two steel shells with the same wall thickness are almost the same.