雄黄对急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞诱导凋亡和促进分化的双重作用

目的　了解雄黄治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL)的机制。方法　以APL细胞株NB4细胞为体外模型 ,应用透射电镜观察细胞形态 ,MTT检测细胞生长增殖状态 ,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡 ,NBT还原试验反映细胞分化能力 ,并检测细胞表面分化抗原CD11b、CD3 3 表达的改变。结果　雄黄作用后 ,细胞同时出现凋亡和分化相关的形态改变 ;超微结构发现凋亡小体 ,同时部分细胞内出现分化颗粒 ;流式细胞仪检测线粒体膜表面抗原APO 2 .7表达上调 ;CD11b表达增加 ,CD3 3 表达减少 ,其调变程度弱于全反式维甲酸。结论　雄黄对急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞同时具有诱导凋亡和促进部分分化的双重效应。     

Morphological and biochemical differentiation in Antarctic krill

During the February 1981 cruise FIBEX MD-25 between 30–50°E and 61–64°S, hydrography showed the presence of two gyres, confirmed by the geostrophic circulation relative to 1000 m from Levitus climatology, at the borders of these gyres concentrations of highly morphologically differentiated krill were found. Gaussian component analysis of krill samples, pooled by sectors, showed three cohorts of Euphausia superba in the western sector and one in the eastern sector. Across the sampling area, Thysanoessa macrura and E. superba occurred at separate stations. Analysis of cohorts in T. macrura separated two size groups in both the western and the eastern sectors. The use of a Differentiation Index (D.I.) [Färber-Lorda, J., 1990. Somatic length relationships and ontogenetic morphometric differentiation of Euphausia superba and Thysanoessa macrura of the southwest Indian Ocean during summer (February 1981). Deep-Sea Res. 37, 1135–1143.], based on somatic lengths, allows studying certain morphological differences within the populations sampled. Morphologically different and bigger males II (D.I. from 2.8 to 3.5) were present only in the southern transect while smaller males I (D.I. from 3.5 to 5.0) were present over the entire area. Biochemical composition of both species showed significant differences among stations for protein, lipids, and carbohydrates. A significant difference in lipid content was found between males I, and males II. For T. macrura, percentage of lipid content in mature animals was much higher than that in E. superba. The D.I. size distribution showed that when populations of E. superba were highly differentiated (corresponding to mature animals) in morphology, lipid content was high, and they were located near a gyre. Differences in morphometry can influence distribution of the species, because different developing stages have different swimming capacities. It is shown that, together with hydrography and trophic conditions, lipid content and morphometry of krill populations, are different but complementary aspects that help to understand krill ecology and distribution.     

国六排放法规下的重卡进气系统

文章介绍了重型商用汽车几种进气系统的布置。长途运输牵引车采用直流空滤器,放在驾驶室下方,轮胎上方;工程自卸车由于特殊的运行工况,通常采用防水型进气扁管、单体油浴式空滤器和中置普通空滤器;中型载货车采用前置竖直空滤器,位于上车踏板内侧。由此可见,差异化的国六车型由于其自身特点需匹配差异化的进气系统。