Environmental and transport effects of warehouse relocationing: evidence from Norway

Reducing traffic volumes and CO2-emissions from freight transport has proven difficult in many countries. Although the increasing suburbanization of warehouses is seen as a relevant land use trend, comprehensive analyses of their impact remain scarce. This study uses real data in modeling transport, costs, environmental and modal effects from warehouse relocations around Oslo and Trondheim (Norway). Results indicate that for Oslo, traffic performance (ton-km), CO2-emissions, and transport costs increase following warehouse suburbanization. For Trondheim, transport performance and CO2-emissions increase less, while transport costs decrease marginally. We conclude that specific case characteristics (geography and trade patterns) are important in determining the strength and direction of effects, and expect that common concomitant developments (warehouse centralization and consolidation) would lead to more pronounced results. Our findings confirm some, but challenge other, findings from the relatively scarcely literature available. Finally, the study's more general insights and observations can help advance similar analyses beyond Norway.     

涌浪条件下斜坡式防波堤堤脚块石稳定性

海外港口工程大部分位于以涌浪为主的海域,防波堤在涌浪作用下的稳定性尚未得到全面认识。对于斜坡堤,除了护面对其稳定性至关重要外,堤脚对其稳定性也很重要。以某一具体港口防波堤工程为例,通过波浪断面和局部整体物理模型试验,对涌浪作用下斜坡堤堤脚块石的稳定性进行了研究。根据试验结果,对比正向和斜向波浪作用下斜坡堤堤脚块石的稳定性结果,重点分析了斜向波浪作用下斜坡堤堤头圆弧段堤脚块石发生破坏的原因及其随入射波浪周期和水位的变化关系,并对原方案堤脚进行了优化。     

马来西亚东海岸铁路CTCS-2级列控系统方案研究

对马来西亚东海岸铁路CTCS-2级列控系统方案进行了分析和研究;针对单线自动站间闭塞情况提出了CTCS-2级列控系统方案;通过综合比较后提出马来西亚东海岸铁路列控系统推荐方案,可为CTCS-2级列控系统在单线自动站间闭塞中的应用提供一定参考.     

Optimal development of alternative fuel station networks considering node capacity restrictions

A potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector is the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). As global GHG emission standards have been in place for passenger cars for several years, infrastructure modelling for new AFV is an established topic. However, as the regulatory focus shifts towards heavy-duty vehicles (HDV), the market diffusion of AFV-HDV will increase as will planning the relevant AFV infrastructure for HDV. Existing modelling approaches need to be adapted, because the energy demand per individual refill increases significantly for HDV and there are regulatory as well as technical limitations for alternative fuel station (AFS) capacities at the same time. While the current research takes capacity restrictions for single stations into account, capacity limits for locations (i.e. nodes) – the places where refuelling stations are built such as highway entries, exits or intersections – are not yet considered. We extend existing models in this respect and introduce an optimal development for AFS considering (station) location capacity restrictions. The proposed method is applied to a case study of a potential fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle AFS network. We find that the location capacity limit has a major impact on the number of stations required, station utilization and station portfolio variety.     

长沙地铁2号线运营初期客流特征分析

开展客流特征研究对科学合理地设计轨道交通系统、优化运营组织设计具有重要意义。以长沙地铁2号线的地铁刷卡数据为研究对象,运用数理统计方法对其开通初期三年的运营客流进行分析,着重分析断面不均衡系数、车站进出站高峰系数与车站周边土地利用性质的相关性,线路客运量高峰系数与该线功能定位的关系,以及乘降量和换乘量的客流特征。针对上述结论对设计和运营提出建议,可为轨道交通的设计、建设、运营提供参考,也可为大城市轨道交通客流预测结果的合理性判断提供依据。     

单线铁路CTCS-2级列控系统设计应用研究

CTCS-2级列控系统主要应用于双线铁路,在单线铁路中尚无工程应用先例,为解决单线铁路CTCS-2级列控系统应用存在的问题,在符合现行规范、不修改列控车载设备的前提下提出CTCS-2级列控系统总体方案。通过单线铁路与双线铁路的差异性对比分析,结合CTCS-2级列控系统功能需求,对闭塞方式、轨道电路配置、应答器设置、临时限速管理等特殊技术问题进行了研究并提出了解决方案。研究表明:CTCS-2级列控系统应用于时速200～250 km单线铁路能够实现列车高速安全运行。     

DK-2型制动机在地铁工程车的运用及常见故障分析

在城市轨道交通行业,电力工程车已逐步引入DK-2型制动机。该制动机具有网络通信、混合制动和智能闭环精确控制等功能,可有效保障地铁电力工程车的高速、安全、准点性。介绍了DK-2型制动机在地铁工程车上的运用,分析了制动机的多种制动方式及主要控制原理;同时结合广州地铁工程车运用经验,提出DK-2型制动机几种常见故障现象,阐述了故障分析思路及故障判定方法,为检修员及司机提供故障处理建议,以提高电力工程车的故障处理效率,保障行车作业安全。     

LR2型油船系泊与拖带设计研究

以某LR2型油船实船系泊、拖带设备选型及技术方案确定过程为依据,结合设计过程中针对该船特殊甲板结构区域系泊设备布置及为完全满足新规范要求改进舾装设备所采取的优化措施,对此类油船实船设计如何更好地满足近年来新生效的系泊、拖带相关规范和规则要求进行研究。对LR2型油船系泊、拖带设计相关的重点内容、关键技术及为获得最优设计方案所采取的技术措施进行解析和归纳。所得成果能为以后此类油船的系泊、拖带设计提供参考。     

莞惠城际铁路信号系统集成技术

莞惠城际铁路采用CTCS2+ATO列控系统,是国内首条实现速度200 km/h自动驾驶功能的城际铁路。通过莞惠城际铁路科研开发和现场实施的系统集成新模式,经过信号系统集成的工程实践,提出信号系统的技术方案,形成城际铁路CTCS2+ATO列控系统创新成果。     

机械复合管在海底管道中的应用

原油、湿气含有CO2或H2S是造成海底管道内腐蚀失效的主要原因之一。机械复合管作为一种新型管材,可以有效解决CO2或H2S造成的内腐蚀问题,在国际上得到了广泛应用,但其在国内油气田开发海底管道中,尚无应用先例。文中介绍了机械复合管的制造原理、设计制造规范、用作海底管道的技术要求、海上安装技术特点以及应用前景。文中研究了机械复合管在海底管道中应用对设计制造和安装技术的要求,以推动其在国内油气田开发海底管道中的应用。