抗结核药物对泪膜功能的影响

<正>我国结核患者在2011年统计已达500万例,仅次于印度位居世界第二[1]。临床多见抗结核药物引起肝损害及过敏反应,对眼部的副反应关注较少[2]。笔者临床中发现部分结核患者在抗结核治疗早期可出现视物模糊、异物感、干涩及视物不持久等类似干眼的主诉,眼科常规检查未发现明显视神经病变,更多为眼表的改变。笔者观察抗结核药物对眼表的毒副反应,报道如下。1资料与方法1.1研究对象收集2012年1月—2014年10月     

“The Tools of Your Chants and Spells”: Stories of Madwomen and Indian Practical Healing

ABSTRACT

A longstanding trope in Indian psychiatry, and in popular representations of it, involves the efficacy of incantations and exorcism in healing afflictions of the mind, notably hysteria. In many accounts, from nineteenth century medical journals to twenty-first century popular films, a medicine deemed at once ‘Western’ and universal is granted the ability to diagnose neurotic afflictions, but rendered incapable of curing them, while bodily techniques referred to as ‘Indian’ are granted efficacy. In this article, I explore the subtleties and implications of this recurrent knowledge paradigm. I argue that a particular arrangement—one in which difference is established through equivalence—undergirds the terms by which medicine comes to be viewed as a cultural encounter. As these progressive formulations are often founded on stories about women’s madness, I ask, what are the implications of an arguably pragmatic ethos founded on an uneven—and deeply gendered—resolution to postcolonial knowledge problems?     

谷氨酰胺转移酶对大豆分离蛋白成膜性能的影响

研究了谷氨酰胺转移酶（TGase）对大豆蛋白膜特性的影响。研究表明：在成膜溶液中加入TGase（4U／g）可以使膜的抗拉强度增加16．79，6，表面疏水性增加39．2％，同时也明显降低了膜的断裂伸长率、水分含量、总可溶性物质量及透光率，但是对水蒸气转移速率几无影响。扫描电镜（SEM）显示，酶法交联膜的表面比对照膜略为粗糙，断面却更为均匀致密。SDS-PAGE分析表明，TGase催化SPI产生了共价交联。     

接触镜与泪液形态关系的临床评价

目的 :观察配戴不同种类接触镜后眼表面泪膜的形态、稳定性及泪液量的变化。方法 :对日戴SCL、RGPCL和Ortho KCL的 2 14名近视患者 4 2 8只眼 ,利用表面泪膜观察装置 (DR 1)观察戴镜前后眼表泪液膜和戴镜状态下镜上泪液膜的形态分级 ,同时测定泪膜破裂时间 (BUT)。利用酚红染色棉丝测定SCL戴镜前后的泪液量 ,并用折射仪 (AtagoCL 1)测量SCL含水量的变化。结果 :SCL配戴者随戴镜时间延长 ,BUT明显缩短 (P <0 .0 1) ,RGPCL和Ortho KCL配戴者戴镜 5年以内 ,BUT无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。戴镜后RGPCL ,Ortho KCL和非戴镜正常眼三组间眼表泪膜分级比例差异无显著性 ,SCL组Ⅰ级比例为 6 .5 % ,显著低于其他组(16 .1%～ 2 3.0 % )。镜上泪膜 ,SCL、RGPCL和Ortho KCL三组均以Ⅳ级为主 (分别占 5 4 .4 %、5 3.4 %和 5 1.5 % ) ,SCLⅠ级比例仅 1.9% ,显著低于另二组 (分别占 6 .2 %和 12 .4 % )。SCL配戴者随戴镜时间延长 ,泪液量轻度减少 ,SCL含水量在戴镜 1w后即显著降低。结论 :科学配戴接触镜对泪液膜质量无明显影响 ,但SCL长期使用可能对泪膜有一定干扰作用。     

瑞格列奈与迪沙片治疗新诊断2型糖尿病的疗效对比观察

比较对新诊断2型糖尿病患者应用瑞格列奈（11例）和迪沙片（10例）治疗4周后空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）、晨3点血糖（3aPG）,空腹胰岛素（FIns）、餐后2h胰岛素（2hIns）,糖化白蛋白的值。结果显示,与迪沙片组相比,瑞格列奈组治疗后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖的下降幅度更为明显,但低血糖的发生次数反而减少。     

Average and peak contact stress distribution evaluation of total knee arthroplasties

Seven total knee arthroplasty systems were tested to determine contact stress patterns and contact areas using a calibrated Fuji film stress analysis technique. Knees were loaded to 2,000 N (204 kg) at 15°, 60°, 90°, and 135° flexion at 24 and 37°C. Evaluation of stresses at 37°C at 15° and 60° using an average contact stress assessment technique indicated that the LCS meniscal bearing knee system, (DePuy, Warsaw, IN), the AMK knee with a constrained insert (DePuy), and the PFC knee with a posterior-lipped insert (Johnson and Johnson, Raynham, MA) had the lowest average contact stresses (near or below 10 MPa). The PFC with a regular insert (Johnson and Johnson), the Ortholoc II (Dow Corning Wright, Arlington, TN), and the AMK with a regular insert (DePuy) had intermediate contact stresses. The AMK with a Hylamer-M insert (DePuy) and the MG II (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN) had the highest average contact stresses (near or above 20 MPa). A stress-calibrated Fuji film measurement technique has shown that an assessment of ranges of contact stress provides much more information about regions of expected wear than an assessment of average contact stresses. Testing of the tibiofemoral articulation of artificial knees revealed that all knees had some areas of contact with maximum stresses in excess of 15 MPa. As the yield strength of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene is approximately 15 MPa, all tibial inserts could wear to some extent. Peak contact stresses at four test angles of the AMK, Series 7000 (Osteonics, Allendale, NJ:) Genesis (Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics, Memphis, TN), and MG II patellofemoral articulations were high (above 30 MPa). Contact areas varied from line-shaped to bilateral circular or elliptical shapes. The LCS knee system experienced substantially lower patellofemoral contact stresses and larger contact areas. Changes in conformity of knee designs are warranted to overcome wear problems. Peak contact stresses measured from the LCS meniscal bearing tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint were in excess of 30 MPa in some areas at low flexion angles. This design does create large areas of contact at very low contact pressures, however, and for this reason is expected to wear less than other designs.     

Electrochemical polymerization of 3-phenylthiophene

Poly (3-phenylthiophene) (P3PhT) films have been electrochemically synthesized by direct oxidation of 3-phenylthiophene in the electrolyte of pure boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE). The oxidation potential of the monomer was measured to be 1.29 V (vs. SCE), and about 0.15 V lower than that measured in a neutral medium of acetonitrile. Free-standing P3PhT film with tensile strength of 32–40 MPa has been obtained for the first time. The morphology and the structure of the polymer film have been studied by scanning electron microscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopies. Raman spectral results demonstrated that the doping level of the P3PhT film increased with film thickness during electrochemical growth process.     

颈椎不稳症的影像诊断(附50例报告)

目的探讨颈椎不稳症的影像学诊断。方法回顾性分析50例经临床证实的颈椎不稳症患者的X线平片、CT和MRI检查资料。结果50例中上颈椎不稳16例,其中,寰枕关节不稳2例,表现为枕底—齿突线和斜坡—齿突线不连续,14例为寰枢关节不稳,其中,寰枢关节脱位7例;下颈椎不稳34例,其中,前屈不稳20例,后伸不稳14例。结论X线平片、CT和MRI综合分析能对颈椎不稳症作出准确的诊断。     

青豌豆气调包装工艺及其质量评价

摘要：包装内气氛与包装材料选择性透气性是影响果蔬气调包装质量的主要因素。对青豌豆采用6组不同初始气体组分、3种包装材料进行气调包装，在5℃，相对湿度85％的环境下贮藏7d后，测定青豌豆的相关质量指标，并与未包装产品进行比较，结果表明气调包装对青豌豆保鲜效果显著；在此基础上，用主成分分析法构造了气调包装产品质量的综合评价模型，对气调包装青豌豆质量进行综合评价，得出青豌豆气调包装的最佳初始气体组分，分析了不同包装材料对青豌豆气调包装质量的影响。     

颈椎前路手术后邻近节段运动变化的生物力学研究

目的利用压敏片(PSF)技术,测量颈椎前路手术后关节突关节内压力的变化,探讨颈前路手术后远期邻近节段退变的生物力学发病机制。方法10具新鲜成人颈椎尸体标本(C2～T1),行前路C4,5椎间盘切除、C4,5椎间植骨钢板内固定术。将压敏片置于关节突关节内,在脊柱三维运动试验机上测量0载荷和2N·m载荷下,后伸、左右侧弯、左右旋转过程中关节突关节内压力的变化。结果颈椎前路手术后,邻近节段关节突关节内的压力增加,以后伸和左右旋转时最为明显,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论颈椎前路短节段植骨融合术后,邻近节段关节突关节内压力明显增加,可诱发邻近节段关节突关节的退变,从而引起相应的病症。