舒张性心力衰竭临床护理体会

通过对我院收治的30例舒张性心衰（DiastolicHeartFailure，DHF）患者的护理干预情况进行回顾性分析，包括心理护理、饮食护理、用药等方面的护理干预。发现DHF患者对硝酸甘油注射液，利尿剂等治疗药物反应敏感，在整个护理过程中，护理人员需密切观察心率、心律和血压变化及尿量和体重等改变情况，以调整药物剂量和输入速度，并及早发现患者血输出量不足的症状及其他并发症，同时做好心理护理和基础护理工作，可提高治疗成功率，对患者的康复有重要作用。     

The effectiveness of health education using audiovisual media on increasing family behavior in preventing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)

Objective

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of health education through audiovisual media on improving family knowledge in the prevention of dengue fever (DHF).

N-linked glycosylation of dengue virus NS1 protein modulates secretion, cell-surface expression, hexamer stability, and interactions with human complement

Dengue virus (DENV) NS1 is a versatile non-structural glycoprotein that is secreted as a hexamer, binds to the cell surface of infected and uninfected cells, and has immune evasive functions. DENV NS1 displays two conserved N-linked glycans at N130 and N207. In this study, we examined the role of these two N-linked glycans on NS1 secretion, stability, and function. Because some groups have reported reduced yields of infectious DENV when N130 and N207 are changed, we analyzed glycosylation-deficient NS1 phenotypes using a transgenic expression system. We show that the N-linked glycan at position 130 is required for stabilization of the secreted hexamer whereas the N-linked glycan at residue 207 facilitates secretion and extracellular protein stability. Moreover, NS1 mutants lacking an N-linked glycan at N130 did not interact efficiently with complement components C1s and C4. In summary, our results elucidate the contribution of N-linked glycosylation to the function of DENV NS1.     

沿江镇预防控制流行性出血热效果评价

目的 为控制我市流行性出血热的流行。方法 领导重视，采取一系列综合干预措施，开展健康教育、举办知识讲座培训班，发动群众灭鼠，积极开展EHF疫苗的免疫接种。结果 通过知识培训，EHF防制知识回答正确率提高了49.2%。EHF疫苗的接种人数比干预前提高了许多倍。EHF发病率与去年同期相比下降了34.2%。结论 结合干预措施效果显。但今后健康教育任务仍十分艰巨。     

Involvement of caspase-4 in IL-1 beta production and pyroptosis in human macrophages during dengue virus infection

Caspase-4 physically interacts with caspase-1 and is believed to be a proinflammatory caspase that can induce the inflammatory form of programmed cell death (pyroptosis) and the release of mature interleukin (IL)-1β. However, the function of caspase-4 in dengue virus infection is not yet fully understood. We examined the function of caspase-4 in IL-1β production and pyroptosis during dengue virus serotype-2 (DENV-2) infection in human macrophages. In this study, DENV-2 infection increased IL-1β protein level with activated caspase-4 activity. Using primary macrophages, we observed that caspase-4 induces activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1β in response to DENV-2 infection, without the need for secondary signals to stimulate the assembly of the inflammasome. These findings indicate that the regulation of caspase-1 activity by capsase-4 could represent a unique mechanism. Our data suggest that caspase-4 is upstream of caspase-1 in the pathway that regulates pyroptosis and IL-1β synthesis in macrophages during DENV-2 infection.     

Alpha tryptase allele of Tryptase 1 (TPSAB1) gene associated with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) in Vietnam and Philippines

We previously reported, significantly higher levels of Chymase and Tryptase in early stage plasma of DSS patients prior to the occurrence of shock suggesting a possible role of mast cells in dengue pathogenesis. To further investigate, we analyzed CMA1 promoter SNP (rs1800875) and TPSAB1 gene alleles, which encode the Human Chymase and α- and β- tryptase 1 enzymes respectively, for susceptibility to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) in patients from hospitals in Vietnam (Ho Chi Minh City and Vinh Long) and the Philippines. While the CMA1 promoter SNP (rs1800875) was not associated with DHF/DSS, the homozygous form of α-tryptase allele was associated with DSS patients in Vinh Long and the Philippines (OR = 3.52, p < 0.0001; OR = 3.37, p < 0.0001, respectively) and with DHF in Ho Chi Minh City (OR = 2.54, p = 0.0084). Also, a statistically significant association was observed when DHF and DSS were combined in Vinh Long (OR = 1.5, p = 0.034) and the Philippines (OR = 2.36, p = 0.0004); in Ho Chi Minh City when DHF and DSS were combine an association was observed, but it was not statistically significant (OR = 1.5, p = 0.0505). Therefore, the α-tryptase might have a possible effect on the susceptibility to severe form of Dengue infection.