线上教学对八年制医学生皮肤科学习的影响

目的　了解线上教学对北京大学第三医院八年制学生本科阶段皮肤科学习的影响。方法　对北京大学第三医院2020年应用线上教学及2016至2019年应用线下教学的八年制学生在皮肤科理论授课和见习之前和之后分别进行问卷调查,学习后进行笔试考试,对结果进行分析。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验。结果　线上教学八年制学生总数53人,问卷回收率75.5%（80/106）;线下教学八年制学生总数166人,问卷回收率99.1%（329/332）。在理论授课和见习之后,线上教学的考试成绩好于线下教学（P<0.001）;线上教学的学生对于荨麻疹诊断能力的自我评价低于线下教学（P=0.008）;线上教学的学生对于皮肤科在医院中的重要程度评价（P<0.001）和对皮肤科的兴趣（P=0.002）高于线下教学;其他如对皮炎湿疹、痤疮诊断能力的自我评价、以皮肤科为职业的意愿度及皮肤科的难易程度等差异无统计学意义。60.0%（24/40）的学生提交了开放建议,其中最多的建议是希望增加线下见习[22.5%（9/40）]。结论　皮肤科线上教学形式的理论授课和见习对于学生知识点的掌握可能优于线下教学,也更能激发学生的学习兴趣,但学生对某些皮肤科常见病的诊治信心可能略低于线下教学。线上与线下结合可能在未来皮肤科教学中能够发挥更大优势,线上教学的形式和内容也亟须在实践中进一步改进。     

Blood endotyping distinguishes the profile of vitiligo from that of other inflammatory and autoimmune skin diseases

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Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma - Case report

Ewing sarcoma is a primitive neuroectodermal tumor rarely occurs in the skin and sobcutaneous tissues. Generally Ewing''s sarcoma is a primary bone tumor, but when present in soft tissues it characterizes an extremely uncommon clinical picture. It usually involves the deep subcutaneous tissue or muscles, and more rarely occurs like a primary skin cancer. Most patients are white, women, and in the second decade of life. The clinical features are a superficial mass, in average measuring 2-3 cm, of soft consistency, freely mobile and sometimes painful. The more affected locations are upper and lower extremities, trunk, head, neck or multiple lesions. The presence of metastases is very rare.     

Management of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in Transplant Recipients

Transplant recipients have a significantly higher risk of developing non-melanoma skin cancers compared with the general population and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are the most common post-transplant malignancies. Although in the general population BCC outnumbers SCC 4:1, in transplant patients this ratio is reversed and SCC is more common, with a 65- to 250-fold increased incidence. As patients in immunosuppressed states are living longer after transplants, the incidence of skin cancer in this population continues to increase. The skin cancers in transplant patients also tend to be more aggressive, with higher morbidity and mortality. Preventive strategies play an important role in transplant recipients given their increased frequency of developing both premalignant and malignant skin lesions. Sun protection and regular skin cancer screening are critical. In addition, chemoprophylaxis with systemic retinoids, nicotinamide and capecitabine can significantly reduce the development of new skin cancers. Topical 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, photodynamic therapy and cyclooxygenase inhibitors have all been investigated in transplant patients for the treatment of field cancerisation. Adjusting the immunosuppressive regimen is also an important adjuvant therapeutic strategy for managing skin cancers in transplant recipients and requires integrated multidisciplinary care with the entire transplant team. This article reviews the epidemiology of non-melanoma skin cancer in transplant patients, discusses the prevention strategies and highlights the management and treatment strategies of both field cancerisation and non-melanoma skin cancers.