肠源性高草酸尿大鼠模型的建立

目的：建立肠源性高草酸尿的大鼠模型。方法随机选取30只雌性SD大鼠置于大鼠代谢笼中适应性喂养7 d之后收集24 h尿,记录尿量,采用离子色谱仪测定其草酸浓度,计算正常大鼠在该条件下24 h尿草酸排泄量。菠菜汁灌胃处理大鼠,再测定灌胃后24 h尿草酸排泄量。对比灌胃菠菜汁前后,大鼠24 h尿草酸排泄量的差别;分组对照实验,随机选取20只雌性SD大鼠,随机分成A组和B组,B组灌胃菠菜汁,A组灌胃等量纯净水,其他条件相同,比较两组24 h尿草酸排泄量。结果反复测定,正常大鼠灌胃菠菜汁前24 h尿草酸排泄量为（0.53±0.18） mg,灌胃菠菜汁后第1天为（1.93±0.36） mg,第3天为（1.85±0.38） mg,第7天为（2.03±0.39） mg;A组（0.44±0.12） mg,B组（1.68±0.38） mg。结论大鼠在灌胃菠菜汁之后其尿液24 h草酸排泄量明显增加,大概增加3~4倍,说明每天对大鼠进行定量定浓度的菠菜汁灌胃,可以使其保持长期的高草酸尿状态,该方法建立的肠源性高草酸尿大鼠模型简便可行,可广泛用于其他方面的研究。     

Cervico-dorsal spinal enterogenous cyst

A case of a histologically proven ventrally situated spinal enterogenous cyst of cervico-dorsal region is reported with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features. A brief review of literature on the subject is discussed.     

罕见部位肠源性囊肿2例并文献复习

目的 探讨罕见部位肠源性囊肿的发病机理及磁共振表现,提高其诊断准确性.方法 回顾性分析2例经手术和病理证实的罕见部位肠源性囊肿患者的临床资料,结合相关文献分析其磁共振特点.结果 2例罕见部位肠源性囊肿,1例位于尾骨后方软组织内,与椎体后部相连,不与椎管相通;另1例位于后纵隔,与椎体前部相连,局部向椎管内延续.MR平扫,病灶T1WI低信号,T2WI呈稍高/高信号;MR增强,囊壁呈环形强化、实性部分强化.结论 本文所报道的2例肠源性囊肿发病部位特殊,且有特征性MR表现,这对以后诊断该病具有一定提示意义.     

中枢神经系统肠源性囊肿的形态及免疫组化研究

目的：观察中枢神经系统肠源性囊肿的组织形态及免疫组织化学特征。方法：使用病理组织学及免疫组织化学方法对３１例中枢神经系统不同部位的肠源性囊肿进行研究。结果：囊肿壁上皮可为单层或复层扁平、立方、柱状上皮；一些病例可见两种以上上皮组织成分，并相互移行；某些病例，在囊肿壁内可含有黑色素、软骨、平滑肌、粘液腺等多种组织成分。免疫组织化学染色ＥＭＡ均呈阳性；ＣＥＡ染色仅一例阴性，而此例ＮＳＥ阳性，故应诊断为神经上皮性囊肿；Ｓ－１００和ＣＫ染色结果不固定；Ｖｉ－ｍｅｎｔｉｎ和ＧＦＡＰ均呈阴性。结论：肠源性囊肿的组织形态和免疫组织化学特点可作为鉴别其他类型囊肿的依据。     

脊髓神经管原肠性囊肿的显微手术治疗及分析

目的探讨脊髓神经管原肠性囊肿的临床、组织病理及形态学特点,分析手术切除方式对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析自1998年1月至2010年12月8例脊髓神经管原肠性囊肿病例的临床资料。其中4例首发症状为局部脊髓节段疼痛伴肢体乏力、感觉减退、肌肉萎缩,3例以神经根性疼痛症状发病,1例表现为Brown-Sequard综合征。8例患者的影像学表现均为髓外硬膜下型,均给予脊髓后路手术切除。结果全部手术的8例患者中,5例全切,2例部分切除行囊腔旷置,1例部分切除行囊腔蛛网膜下腔分流术。术后8例患者症状均有不同程度缓解,影像学、电话及门诊随访6例(4例完全切除、1例部分切除行旷置术、1例部分切除行囊腔-蛛网膜下腔分流术)(25.0±9.0)月(12～38)月,症状均无再次加重。结论神经管原肠性囊肿可通过后正中入路手术全切或部分切除获得治愈,应尽早手术治疗。     

Neurenteric cyst of the posterior fossa. Case report and review of the literature

Intracranial neurenteric cysts are rare entities. The term is currently used to describe epithelial cysts that are lined with a presumed endodermal-derived epithelium and are mostly located in the posterior fossa.Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult because of their clinical presentation, which may resemble a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the radiological aspect, which can mimic vascular pathologies.We describe a posterior fossa neurenteric cyst in a 27-year-old woman, who presented with sudden headache as the only symptom and who was addressed to our hospital for subarachnoid hemorrhage. Diagnostic angiography was negative and MRI revealed a prepontine cystic lesion. The patient underwent a posterolateral approach on the right side, with subtotal resection of the lesion.We discuss the embryologic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these cysts and review the literature.     

An epithelial cyst of the spinal cord. An electron microscopic study

Summary The fine structure of an intradural and extramedullary cyst compressing the spinal cord was examined. The cyst was lined by a single epithelial layer of both ciliated and non-ciliated cells. The non-ciliated cells differ from the former by the presence of secretory granules and a surface coating as well as other characteristics. The epithelial layer was bordered by a basement membrane and prominent interdigitation was found along the lateral borders. The origin of these cells is unknown but the similarity between them and the epithelium of the respiratory tract is noted.This study was aided by the Sandy Schneider Memorial Fund and the USPHS General Research Support Grant No. RR. 5499.     

椎管内肠源性囊肿的CT和MRI影像

椎管内肠源性囊肿是由胚胎发育时期的神经肠管残余和异位组织演变而来,临床比较少见,多无典型临床表现,其发现与诊断多依靠影像学检查,如CT、MRI等.本文介绍4例经CT、MRI诊断并经手术和病理证实的椎管内肠源性囊肿.     

Enterogenous cyst as a rare cause of hemifacial spasm

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is most frequently caused by vascular compression of the facial nerve at the root exit zone of the brain stem, but there are other rare causes. An enterogenous cyst (EC) is a rare congenital lesion which occurs rarely in the cerebellopontine angle. The authors report a patient with HFS from an EC and review unusual causes of HFS.