吸附法无肝素透析联合盐水冲洗法在血液透析中的应用

目的探讨具有高危出血倾向的血液透析（HD）病人，在无肝素透析时采用不同时间间隔的盐水冲洗以减少透析器及管路的血液凝集的效果和安全性。方法对40例有高危出血倾向的长期HD病人采用无肝素透析，在透析过程中分别予不用盐水冲洗、每1小时或30min用盐水冲洗透析器及管路进行分组，观察透析完成情况以及透析器及管路的凝集情况。结果透析中用盐水冲洗方法完成透析例数显著多于不用盐水冲洗方法，透析器及管路凝血明显减少，透析参数稳定。每30分钟与1h盐水冲洗方法比较无明显差异。结论对HD病人有高危出血倾向时采用无肝素透析联合盐水冲洗可减少透析器及管路的凝血，对于多数病人采用每1h冲洗盐水就能达到安全、有效的无肝素透析。     

结肠肝曲十二指肠钩虫1例

本文报道了1例寄生于结肠肝曲的十二指肠钩虫初期被误诊的情况,总结了钩虫的实验室检查方法,并分析了误诊原因。     

吸附法无肝素透析联合盐水冲洗法在血液透析中的应用

目的探讨具有高危出血倾向的血液透析(HD)病人,在无肝素透析时采用不同时间间隔的盐水冲洗以减少透析器及管路的血液凝集的效果和安全性。方法对40例有高危出血倾向的长期HD病人采用无肝素透析,在透析过程中分别予不用盐水冲洗、每1小时或30min用盐水冲洗透析器及管路进行分组,观察透析完成情况以及透析器及管路的凝集情况。结果透析中用盐水冲洗方法完成透析例数显著多于不用盐水冲洗方法,透析器及管路凝血明显减少,透析参数稳定。每30分钟与1h盐水冲洗方法比较无明显差异。结论对HD病人有高危出血倾向时采用无肝素透析联合盐水冲洗可减少透析器及管路的凝血,对于多数病人采用每1h冲洗盐水就能达到安全、有效的无肝素透析。     

三种妇科白带检查方法比较分析

目的比较白带涂片多功能染色技术（BTR法）、常规生理盐水镜检法及革兰氏染色法在女性生殖道感染检查中滴虫、真菌及线索细胞的检出率,探讨BTR法在妇科普查中的应用可行性。方法 1248例在本院行白带常规检查妇女,选取200例感染症状明显的患者,同时用常规生理盐水涂片、革兰氏染色和BTR染色3种方法检查,进行比较分析。结果生理盐水涂片、革兰氏染色及BTR染色3种方法的真菌和滴虫检出率分别为19.0%、19.0%、20.5%和16.0%、18.5%、21.0%,3种方法检测真菌和滴虫差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;线索细胞的检出率分别为22.0%、36.5%和40.0%,BTR染色法及革兰氏染色法线索细胞的检出率明显要高于盐水涂片法,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但病原菌和线索细胞检出率在革兰氏染色和BTR染色法间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 BTR法简便、快速、阳性率高,比盐水涂片法和革兰氏染色更适用于妇科普查。     

东南沿海海域细菌分布及抗菌药物敏感性研究

目的 了解我国东南沿海海域细菌的种类、分布情况,以及细菌对抗菌药物的敏感性.方法 无菌采集海水,经增菌培养、细菌分离,进行细菌学鉴定和药敏试验.结果 102份海水分离出细菌34种203株;其中弧菌科细菌159株(78.33%),肠杆菌科细菌24株(11.82%),非发酵菌15株(7.39%),革兰阳性球菌3株(1.47%),厌氧菌2株(0.99%).药敏结果显示,157株致病性弧菌对亚胺培南、奈替米星、左氟氧沙星及头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的敏感率为100%,对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、复方磺胺甲唑和替卡西林-克拉维酸的敏感率为90.45%～97.45%,对头孢唑林和氨苄西林的敏感率分别为25.48%和27.39%.结论 东南沿海海域细菌种类繁多、分布广泛,此项研究为该海域海水细菌感染的防治提供了依据.     

The effect bathing in a thermal lagoon in Iceland has on psoriasis. A preliminary study

Objective To investigate if bathing in a unique thermal lagoon in Iceland has a therapeutic effect on psoriasis. Design An open study where twenty-seven psoriasis patients bathed for three weeks in the lagoon. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was used to evaluate the severity of the disease before during and after bathing. Results The mean PASI score decreased from 16.1 to 8.1 (p= 0.01). The PASI score decreased most in the first week. The area of the lesions did not diminish but scaling erythema and infiltration decreased. Only very limited UV-radiation was observed during the bathing period. Conclusions Bathing in the lagoon has a favourable effect on psoriasis although in some cases it may not be sufficient as a single treatment. Further studies over longer period are needed.     

Antimicrobial activity of a new combination system of benzimidazole and various azoles

In the present study a new series of benzimidazole derivatives bearing various (benz)azolylthio moieties were synthesized so as to investigate their antimicrobial activity. Structures of the target compounds (5a-5i) were confirmed by their IR, (1) H-NMR, ES-MS spectral data, and elemental analyses. The synthesized compounds (5a-5i) exhibited poor activity against bacterial strains. On the other hand, antifungal activity of the compounds against Candida species was very significant. Brine-Shrimp lethality assay was performed for determination of toxicity of the compounds. Compounds 5a, 5c, and 5d were evaluated as non-toxic in addition to their attractive antifungal activity. However, the other compounds (5b, e-i) in the series showed toxicity to different extents.     

Semi-synthetic modification of nimbolide to 6-homodesacetylnimbin and 6-desacetylnimbin and their cytotoxic studies

A new C-seco tetranortriterpenoid named as 6-homodesacetylnimbin 2, has been synthesised for the first time through semi-synthetic modification of nimbolide 1, a potent molecule with anticancer activity. Attempts were made to transesterify the -COOMe moiety in nimbolide using titanium (IV) isopropoxide and ethanol so as to obtain a molecule with -COOEt moiety. However, a novel product was envisaged during the course of the reaction, which was identified as 6-homodesacetylnimbin, a higher homologue of 6-desacetylnimbin 3 through spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. Also, 6-desacetylnimbin has been synthesised through acid hydrolysis of nimbolide. The compounds were screened for their cytotoxic properties through brine shrimp lethality bioassay method using Artemia salina.     

Anticonvulsant Activity of Diospyros Fischeri Root Extracts

Diospyros fischeri Gurke (Ebenaceae) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of epilepsy. Dichloromethane, ethylacetate, and ethanol extracts of the roots, at doses between 100 and 1600 mg/kg BW, inhibited convulsions induced by the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAa) receptor antagonist, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), in a dose dependent manner. The extracts also exhibited low toxicity against brine shrimps giving LC₅₀ values between 45.4 and 95.4 µg/ml. These results provide evidence for the potential of D. fischeri extracts to treat absence seizures, especially given their seemingly innocuous nature.     

皱瘤海鞘 Styela plicata 化学成分及生物活性的研究

目的 研究皱瘤海鞘 Styela plicata 具有卤虫致死活性的乙醇提取物的化学成分。方法95%乙醇 (v/v) 粗浸膏用乙酸乙酯萃取后得乙酸乙酯相,运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex-LH20凝胶柱层析法和高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 对其进行分离纯化。运用核磁共振,质谱等波谱学方法对分离所得化合物的结构进行鉴定,并对化合物进行卤虫活性测试。结果 从皱瘤海鞘乙醇提取物中分离得到 6个化合物,结构分别鉴定为两个比较少见的吡喃酮类化合物 tetillapyrone (1) 和 nortetillapyrone (2),两个核苷类化合物 thymidine (3) 和 uracil (4), 以及两个多羟基甾醇类化合物 dendronesterol A (5) 和 (20S, 22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (6)。卤虫致死活性结果显示,多羟基甾醇类化合物 5 和 6 的活性较强,而核苷类化合物 3 和 4 的活性较弱。结论 所有化合物均为首次从该海鞘中分离获得,本研究为进一步研究开发皱瘤海鞘中的活性物质提供基础资料。