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Placental malaria. I. Pathological classification 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Pregnant women are more likely to contract malaria than their non-pregnant counterparts. The aim of this study was to develop a simple classification system for the histopathological diagnosis of placental malaria infection applicable to placentas collected in field conditions. The placentas were classified into four groups depending on the presence and disribution of parasites and malaria pigment: active infection, active-chronic infection, past-chronic infection, not infected. The frequency of parasitized placentas (26.4%) was in keeping with the prevalence of placental parasitaemia documented in epidemiological studies. An additional 29.8% placentas showed pigment in fibrin only, indicating pastchronic infection. Chronic placental malaria infection was most common in primigravidae, possibly reflecting ineffective clearance of parasites from the placenta. Seasonal fluctuations between infection categories support progression of placental infection with delayed clearance of pigment from fibrin. The proposed classification system has allowed diagnosis of different categories of placental malaria infection by two independent observers. A stadardized method of diagnosis may enhance understanding of placental pathology and reduced birth weight in malaria infection during pregnancy. 相似文献
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Summary Insulin binding to trophoblast plasma membranes and the placental glycogen content were measured in twelve healthy women, in eleven well-controlled gestational diabetic women who were treated either with diet alone (n=4) or with insulin (n=7) and in 18 women with well-controlled overt diabetes mellitus (six White B; four White C; eight White D). The competitive binding assay was carried out with 22 concentrations of unlabelled insulin. Binding data were analysed by a non-linear direct model fitting procedure assuming one non-cooperative binding site. Maximum specific binding was unchanged in the total collective of gestational diabetic women, but was decreased by 30% in those treated with diet (6.2±2.2%) and increased by 90% in insulin-treated women (16.4±10.2%) as compared to the control subjects (8.7±2.5%). The diet-treated women had only 40% as many and those treated with insulin had more than twice as many receptors compared to control subjects on a per mg protein basis and if expressed per total placenta. In patients with overt diabetes mellitus maximum specific binding (18.5±10.6 %) was higher (p<0.05) due to more receptors compared to control subjects but was similar to the insulin-treated gestational diabetic patients. Maximum specific binding and receptor concentrations did not correlate linearly with maternal plasma insulin levels. Receptor affinities were virtually similar in all groups (1.8·109 l/mol). The placental glycogen content was reduced (p<0.05) to about 80% of that of control subjects in the diet-treated collective, whereas it was unchanged compared to control subjects in the insulin-treated gestational diabetic women despite a 40% increase (p<0.001) of the maternal-to-cord serum glucose ratio. In overt diabetic patients the maternal-to-cord serum glucose ratio and the placental glycogen content were higher (p<0.05) than in the control subjects. We conclude that trophoblast plasma membranes from gestational diabetic women treated with diet alone express less and those from women treated with insulin express more insulin receptors than those from a healthy control group in vitro. These differences could not have been disclosed without consideration of the mode of treatment. Trophoblast plasma membranes from overt diabetic women have more insulin receptors than those from healthy control subjects. 相似文献
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Summary We have identified cells which secrete human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) of cultures if first trimester placental villi. As a first step, we identified epithelial cells using a new monoclonal antibody. We then added HCG antibodies to the cultured cells. We found that syncytiotrophoblast (and not cytotrophoblast), Hofbauer cells and some mesenchymal cells stained with HCG antibodies. 相似文献
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Kevin Brooks Hanem Hasan Sridhar Samineni Venu Gangur Wilfried Karmaus 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2007,18(7):621-624
Placental p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) concentration and cord blood atopic markers were determined in 19 neonates. Increased placental p,p'-DDE was associated with a statistically significant increase in cord plasma interleukin (IL)-13. Furthermore, both cord plasma IL-4/interferon (IFN)-gamma and IL-13/IFN-gamma ratios were significantly positively associated with placental p,p'-DDE concentration. 相似文献
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抗乙肝胎盘转移因子的特异免疫活性观察 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本研究由HBVM-Ab阳性胎盘提取的抗乙肝胎盘转移因子(PSTF)的特异免疫活性证明,经注射,小鼠外周血淋巴细胞明显增多,胸腺重量和指数亦显著增加,酯酶染色证明75%属T-样淋巴细胞,25%属Thy-样淋巴细胞,人白细胞或小鼠白细胞体外转移PSTF特异免疫活性、或豚鼠和小鼠体内转移PSTF特异免疫活性,再取其白细胞作白细胞粘附抑制、白细胞移动抑制、特异淋巴细胞转化、小鼠足掌注射和诱生γ-干扰素试验 相似文献
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人胎盘提取组织凝血活酶及其质量评价 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用人胎盘抽提得组织凝血活酶,并对其质量进行了评价,同时初步应用于临床。结果显示:用含表面活性剂的抽提剂粉碎抽提的效果较好,所得组织凝血活酶重复性、灵敏度、稳定性均令人满意;与上海荣盛生物制品厂生产的PT试剂盒比较相关性好:Y=2.75+0.905x,r=0.9253,经相关系数t检验,t=26.5469,P<0.001,呈直线正相关。临床初步应用显示:肝病及抗凝治疗等病人PT时间明显延长,93例正常人x=11.3秒,s=0.96秒,正常范围9.42-13.18秒。 相似文献
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人胎盘脂多糖辅助治疗支气管哮喘临床疗效观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察人胎盘脂多糖辅助治疗儿童支气管哮喘的临床疗效。方法将我院91例支气管哮喘患儿随机分成2组,治疗组46例,采用综合疗法,发作期应用沙丁胺醇、普米克令舒、氨茶碱治疗,缓解期肌内注射人胎盘脂多糖、气雾吸入倍氯米松;对照组45例,发作期用沙丁胺醇、普米克令舒、氨茶碱治疗,缓解期气雾吸入倍氯米松。结果治疗2周后治疗组、对照组对改善喘息、咳嗽症状比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。随访1年,治疗组复发率与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论人胎盘脂多糖辅助治疗支气管哮喘疗效确切,复发率低,值得临床推广应用。 相似文献