Application of Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Mice to Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Periodontal Disease

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. In the last decade, a new murine model of periodontitis has been widely used to simulate alveolar bone resorption and periodontal soft tissue destruction by ligation. Typically, 3-0 to 9-0 silks are selected for ligation around the molars in mice, and significant bone loss and inflammatory infiltration are observed within a week. The ligature-maintained period can vary according to specific aims. We reviewed the findings on the interaction of systemic diseases with periodontitis, periodontal tissue destruction, the immunological and bacteriological responses, and new treatments. In these studies, the activation of osteoclasts, upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors, and excessive immune response have been considered as major factors in periodontal disruption. Multiple genes identified in periodontal tissues partly reflect the complexity of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The effects of novel treatment methods on periodontitis have also been evaluated in a ligature-induced periodontitis model in mice. This model cannot completely represent all aspects of periodontitis in humans but is considered an effective method for the exploration of its mechanisms. Through this review, we aimed to provide evidence and enlightenment for future studies planning to use this model.     

收缩背包问题的DNA算法

收缩背包问题是标准背包问题的一个扩展，其中背包的容量为所装物品数量的非增函数。本文提出了基于分子生物技术的求解收缩背包问题的DNA算法，首先将其约束条件进行分解；然后设计一系列与物品重量相对应的寡聚核苷酸片断及其链接模板，在链接酶的作用下将它们进行链接反应，生成代表任意物品组合的DNA链；再通过基本的生物操
作筛选出可行解；最后比较各个可行解对应的目标函数值，进而得到最优解。