Physical degradation of genomic DNA of soybean flours does not impair relative quantification of its transgenic content

In this paper, four different physical treatments (microwaves, heating by conduction, sonication and pressure autoclaving) were performed to degrade a pure DNA extract, and their influence on GMO quantification was studied. The aim was to check the hypothesis that processing of agrofood products results in a similar degradation rate for both the transgenic target and the specific target. Indeed we could observe that even if the used physical treatments could lead to a significant increase of C _t values for both transgenic and specific targets, the resulting ΔC _t remained stable. So, the main conclusion of the study is that the aforementioned hypothesis seems valid and thus a physical degradation of DNA will not affect the relative quantitation of the GMO content, provided that both the specific and transgenic targets have very similar size. A second important issue of the experiments performed was that DNA is a very robust molecule as it is extremely difficult to reach a mean size below 100 bp. The study also gives evidence of the importance of using small targets.     

烯唑醇含量分析方法的研究

烯唑醇含量分析试样用甲醇溶解 ,以邻苯二甲酸二乙酯为内标物 ,在ODS柱和紫外检测器上对试样中的烯唑醇进行高压液相色谱分离和测定。该方法定量准确 ,精密度较好 ,对烯唑醇原药同一样品进行十次重复测定 ,方法标准偏差为 0 .37,变异系数为 0 .38% ,回收率为 98.9%～ 10 0 .6 %。     

Water abundance of mine floor limestone by simulation experiment

The water abundance of mine floor limestone needs to be solved urgently as the average depth of coal mining in China has increased gradually. A method is presented to discuss water abundance with the numerical and physical layered geoelectrical model being established in the half-space, full-space and full-space with tunnel, respectively. The parameters of water abundance are changed in this study, which includes water quantity, water content and volume of abnormity of water-containing abnormity. Results indicate that the different work fields have different macroscopic influences on the apparent resistivity,and the water abundance parameters of water-containing abnormity have quantitative relationship with the apparent resistivity mean in abnormal regions(three-dimensional space region). The quantitative relationships are shown as following: firstly, the amount of water injection has negative linear correlation with the apparent resistivity mean; secondly, when abnormity is unsaturated, there is a negative power function relationship between water content and apparent resistivity mean; thirdly, the volume of abnormity and apparent resistivity mean behave as a decreasing power function law.     

超声波检测近距离缺陷定量专家系统的设计和实现

针对目前超声波探伤近距离缺陷定量技术一直沿用效率比较低下的当量试块比较法的问题，进行了一系列相关试验研究和数学论证。提出了一种结合计算机专家系统来改善超声波探伤近距离缺陷定量的新方法。研究结果表明，设计的定量专家系统能够在保证超声波探伤近距离缺陷定量精度的前提下，大大提高工作效率，具有较为重要的意义。     

Web服务降级替换的一致性问题及量化研究

在开放的网络环境下,软件系统的可信性受到了更大的挑战,软件系统的降级替换是提高其可信性的方法之一。基于进程代数研究了Web服务的降级替换问题。在原有进程代数的基础上,添加了超时处理算子和延时处理算子,给出了Web服务降级替换一致性条件,从而保证了合成Web服务中降级替换的正确性。进一步地,从量化角度对Web服务的降级替换进行了研究。     

An algebraic foundation for automatic feature-based program synthesis

Feature-Oriented Software Development provides a multitude of formalisms, methods, languages, and tools for building variable, customizable, and extensible software. Along different lines of research, different notions of a feature have been developed. Although these notions have similar goals, no common basis for evaluation, comparison, and integration exists. We present a feature algebra that captures the key ideas of feature orientation and that provides a common ground for current and future research in this field, on which also alternative options can be explored. Furthermore, our algebraic framework is meant to serve as a basis for the development of the technology of automatic feature-based program synthesis and architectural metaprogramming.     

基于小波变换的快速矢量量化(VQ)编码

信源大多存在相关性,即使对无记忆的信源来说,矢量量化编码相对于标量量化来说能够得到更好的效果.但是纯粹的矢量编码后得到的图像,压缩比高时图像失真也高,而且对于整幅图像都采用相同的矢量量化,收敛速度也慢.采用先对图像进行小波变换,然后对低频分量分配较少的压缩位,减少图像失真,而高频分量分配较多的压缩位,达到较高的压缩比.在进行矢量量化编码时采用了一种快速算法,加快了编码的速度.     

一种新型智能模糊控制器的研究

从模糊控制器量化因子入手，对其进行了深入的分析，提出了一种智能型的模糊控制器结构。其中，智能调节器使量化因子随控制不同阶段而动态变化。文中对智能调节器的设计过程作了介绍，并对两个被控对象分别用基本模糊控制器和基于智能调节器的模糊控制器的控制效果进行了分析比较。仿真例子证明了智能模糊控制器的有效性。     

Calcium: A comprehensive review on quantification,interaction with milk proteins and implications for processing of dairy products

Calcium (Ca) is a key micronutrient of high relevance for human nutrition that also influences the texture and taste of dairy products and their processability. In bovine milk, Ca is presented in several speciation forms, such as complexed with other milk components or free as ionic calcium while being distributed between colloidal and serum phases of milk. Partitioning of Ca between these phases is highly dynamic and influenced by factors, such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, and milk composition. Processing steps used during the manufacture of dairy products, such as preconditioning, concentration, acidification, salting, cooling, and heating, all contribute to modify Ca speciation and partition, thereby influencing product functionality, product yield, and fouling of equipment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the influence of Ca partition on dairy products properties to support the development of kinetics models to reduce product losses and develop added-value products with improved functionality. To achieve this objective, approaches to separate milk phases, analytical approaches to determine Ca partition and speciation, the role of Ca on protein–protein interactions, and their influence on processing of dairy products are discussed.     

A survey on genetically modified maize in foods commercialised in Portugal

Maize, the second most important genetically modified (GM) crop, has the highest number of authorised GM events for food and feed in the EU. To provide consumer's information, labelling for food products containing more than 0.9% of GM material is demanded by the actual EU legislation. Analysis of foods is then essential to detect and quantify GM maize material and verify the compliance with labelling information. The aim of the present work was to assess the presence of GM maize in a range of processed foods commercialised in Portugal between 2007 and 2010. For this purpose, screening of GM material was carried out by qualitative PCR targeting the 35S promoter and the NOS terminator, followed by the specific detection of Bt11, MON810, Bt176, GA21, MON863, NK603, TC1507 (also known as DAS1507), DAS59122 and MIR604 events. The identified maize events were confirmed and quantified by real-time PCR with hydrolysis probes. The overall results of GMO screening were 30% for 35S promoter, 10% for NOS terminator and 25% for identified events. The most frequently detected events were MON810, TC1507 and NK603, with one sample containing GA21, while the other events were not detected in any of the analysed foods. The quantitative results suggest the need for a more severe control since 4% of the analysed foods contained more than the threshold for labelling and none of them declared the presence of GMO.