Data driven nonparametric identification and model based control of glucose-insulin process in type 1 diabetics

Closed loop control of glucose homeostasis via subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring system can give better living to a type 1 diabetic patient. This paper deals with the real time implementation of internal model control (IMC) of subcutaneous insulin infusion. The model based control is applied on the nonparametric model of the patient identified in real time from input–output data. Meal simulation model of the glucose-insulin system of type 1 diabetic patient based on the work of Dalla Man et. al. is considered. This model is constructed in hardware platform that acts as the virtual patient. The data-driven nonparametric model of the virtual patient is identified in real time by computing Volterra kernels. The kernels are solved up to second order using recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm with short memory length of M = 2. The validation results of the identified model output and the actual output have shown good fit in both simulation and real time environments. The frequency domain kernels are used in internal model control to generate insulin dosage. The control algorithm is developed in simulation and implemented in real time with hardware in loop on dSPACE platform. The closed loop system yields good meal disturbance rejection, less undershoots, settling time and more profoundly smaller requirement of insulin infusion as compared to the earlier reported data.     

Capacitive measuring system for two-phase flow monitoring. Part 1: Hardware design and evaluation

Two-phase flows are commonly found in many industrial applications, such as oil and gas production. The monitoring of such flows is performed either in field applications or in pilot plant studies. In both cases, simple and robust measuring techniques are required. Capacitive probes have been applied for void fraction measurement in pipes in research and industry. However, capacitive measuring systems applied so far are tailored for specific applications and may not be easily adaptable. In addition, more and more soft-computing methods are applied for advanced data processing and parameter extraction which requires more computational power of sensor systems for online data processing. We develop a capacitive system provided with a microcontroller in which necessary routines for data processing may be embedded. System design is detailed explained and system's performance is evaluated, showing appropriate accuracy and time response for the investigation of two-phase flows.     

一种实用多道脉冲幅度分析器

便携式核能谱测量仪器一般有低功耗、小体积及低成本等特点,本文以高性能单片微控制器C8051F340为核心,详细介绍了一款多道脉冲幅度分析器的设计方案及相应性能测试,并重点介绍了峰值检测电路的设计及性能测试结果。结合C8051F340高性能特点,在此多道脉冲幅度分析器的基础上增加相应的外围电路及信号调理电路即可构成便携式低功耗核能谱测量系统。     

Prediction of calcium concentration in human blood serum using an artificial neural network

A predictive method, based on artificial neural network (ANN) has been developed to study absorbance and pH effects on the equilibrium of blood serum. This strategy has been used to analyze serum samples and to predict the calcium concentration in blood serum. A dedicated data acquisition system is designed and fabricated using a LPC2106 microcontroller with light emitting diode (LED) as source and photodiode as sensor to measure absorbance and to calculate the calcium concentration. A multilayer neural network with back propagation (BP) training algorithm is used to simulate different concentration of calcium (Ca²⁺) as a function of absorbance and pH, to correlate and predict calcium concentration. The computed calcium concentration by neural network is quite satisfactory with correlations R² = 0.998 and 0.995, standard errors of 0.0127 and 0.0122 in validation and testing stages respectively. Statistical analysis are carried out to check the accuracy and precision of the proposed ANN model and validation of results produce a relative error of about 3%. These results suggest that ANN can be efficiently applied and is in good agreement with values obtained with the current clinical spectrophotometric methods. Hence, ANN can be used as a complementary tool for studying metal ion complexion, with special attention to the blood serum analysis.     

KINCO总线型触摸屏在电动大巴行业的应用

本文主要介绍KINCO总线型触摸屏在电动大巴电池管理系统中的应用。在这个控制系统中,触摸屏和微控制器通过CAN总线通信并完成电池组相关信息的数据采集。触摸屏监控到的主要参数：系统电压、系统电流、电池容量、电池温度、报警故障等。     

A new wireless asynchronous data communications module for industrial applications

All the sensors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure used in industry provide analog outputs as inputs for their control units. Wireless transmission of the data has advantages on wired transmission such as USB port, parallel port and serial port and therefore has great importance for industrial applications. In this work, a new wireless asynchronous data communications module has been developed to send the earth magnetic field data around a ferromagnetic material detected by a KMZ51 AMR sensor. The transmitter module transmits the analog data obtained from a source to a computer environment where they are stored and then presented in a graphical form. In this design, an amplitude shift keying (ASK) transceiver working at the frequency of 433.92 MHz which is a frequency inside the so called Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM band) used for wireless communications. The analog data first fed into a 10-bit ADC controlled by a PIC microcontroller and then the digital data is sent to the transmitter. A preamble bit string is added in front of the data bits and another bit string for achieving synchronization and determination the start of the data is used. The data arriving at the receiver is taken by the microcontroller and sent to a LCD display as well as the serial port of a computer where it is written in a text file. A Visual Basic based graphics interface is designed to receive, store and present the data in the form of graphical shapes. In the paper, all the work has been explained in detail.     

基于超声波的汽车防撞报警系统的设计

根据超声波测量距离系统，给出了汽车测距防撞报警系统的设计。该系统能在汽车行驶以及倒车过程中自动检测出汽车与最近障碍物之间的距离（或行车中的车距）井通过LED显示出来．当到达极限距离时，系统能发出声光报警．进而提醒司机以防撞车。试验研究结果表明．该系统具有一定的实用价值以及广阔的推广应用前景。     

智能气体识别仪的研究

智能气体识别仪用以识别气体种类，它具有学习识别多种气体的功能。本文介绍了仪器的工作原理、特点及仪器的硬件和软件构成。     

基于微控制器的车辆底盘集中润滑系统

针对车辆底盘润滑系统的要求，本文设计了一种新型集中润滑系统。该系统采用PHILIPS公司的P89C591单片机构成智能微控制器，可监测油位、温度、压差等信号，实现异常情况报警，能够自动控制润滑油脂定时定量输送至各润滑点，避免出现浪费油脂或者润滑不足的情况。该系统除具有CAN总线接口外，还增加了键盘及LCD液晶屏作为人机接口，以满足不同工作负荷下配油量的自主设置要求。实践证明，该系统可进一步提高润滑性能，扩大应用范围，在汽车工业中具有良好的应用前景。     

工程机械油液污染度快速监测仪研究

介绍一种８０９８单片机控制的工程机械液压系统油液污染快速监测仪。