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排序方式: 共有103条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This paper presents a coordination strategy of Load Frequency Control (LFC) and digital frequency protection for an islanded microgrid (MG) considering high penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs). In such MGs, the reduction in system inertia due to integration of large amount of RESs causes undesirable influence on MG frequency stability, leading to weakening of the MG. Furthermore, sudden load events, and short circuits caused large frequency fluctuations, which threaten the system security and could lead to complete blackouts as well as damages to the system equipment. Therefore, maintaining the dynamic security in MGs is one of the important challenges, which considered in this paper using a specific design and various data conversion stages of a digital over/under frequency relay (OUFR). The proposed relay will cover both under and over frequency conditions in coordination with LFC operation to protect the MG against high frequency variations. To prove the response of the proposed coordination strategy, a small MG was investigated for the simulation. The proposed coordination method has been tested considering load change, high integration of RESs. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the presented technique was examined by varying the penetration level of RESs and reducing the system inertia. The results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed coordination to maintain the power system frequency stability and security. In addition, the superiority of the OUFR has been approved in terms of accuracy and speed response during high disturbances.  相似文献   
2.
Fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers are designed for load-frequency control (LFC) of two interconnected power systems. Conflicting time-domain design objectives are considered in a multi-objective optimization (MOO)-based design framework to design the gains and the fractional differ-integral orders of the FOPID controllers in the two areas. Here, we explore the effect of augmenting two different chaotic maps along with the uniform random number generator (RNG) in the popular MOO algorithm—the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Different measures of quality for MOO, e.g. hypervolume indicator, moment of inertia-based diversity metric, total Pareto spread, spacing metric, are adopted to select the best set of controller parameters from multiple runs of all the NSGA-II variants (i.e. nominal and chaotic versions). The chaotic versions of the NSGA-II algorithm are compared with the standard NSGA-II in terms of solution quality and computational time. In addition, the Pareto optimal fronts showing the trade-off between the two conflicting time domain design objectives are compared to show the advantage of using the FOPID controller over that with simple PID controller. The nature of fast/slow and high/low noise amplification effects of the FOPID structure or the four quadrant operation in the two inter-connected areas of the power system is also explored. A fuzzy logic-based method has been adopted next to select the best compromise solution from the best Pareto fronts corresponding to each MOO comparison criteria. The time-domain system responses are shown for the fuzzy best compromise solutions under nominal operating conditions. Comparative analysis on the merits and de-merits of each controller structure is reported then. A robustness analysis is also done for the PID and the FOPID controllers.  相似文献   
3.
This paper presents a novel control approach of hybrid neuro-fuzzy (HNF) for load frequency control (LFC) of four-area power system. The advantage of this controller is that it can handle the non-linearities, and at the same time it is faster than other existing controllers. The effectiveness of proposed controller in increasing the damping of local and inter area modes of oscillation is demonstrated in four area interconnected power system. Area-1 and area-2 consist of thermal reheat power plant whereas area-3 and area-4 consist of hydro power plant. Performance evaluation is carried out by using fuzzy, ANN, ANFIS and conventional PI and PID control approaches. The performances of the controllers are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink package. The result shows that intelligent HNF controller is having improved dynamic response and at the same time faster than ANN, fuzzy and conventional PI and PID controllers.  相似文献   
4.
随着能源危机和环境污染的问题越来越严重,以风电和光伏为代表的可再生能源被大规模地开发利用,电力系统运行稳定性也成为了国内外广泛关注的问题之一。本文首先阐述了自动发电控制(Automatic Generation Control, AGC)的控制原理和控制模式,接着讨论了负荷频率控制(Load Frequency Control, LFC)和经济调度控制(Economic Dispatch Control, EDC)策略的研究现状,通过分析各类方法的优缺点,指出了目前AGC研究存在的一些问题。针对这些问题,进一步阐述了动态AGC控制策略的研究情况,最后对未来AGC领域的发展方向进行了讨论。  相似文献   
5.
An adaptive deadbeat (ADB) controller was developed to investigate its capability in providing a fast frequency response to an electrical power system. This controller was developed to meet the requirements of the National Grid System Operability Framework (SOF), which requires frequency to be accelerated in line with a fast rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) when a high rate of nonsynchronous machines are presented. The controller’s parameters were optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to ensure a robust operation and to maintain the proper operation of the power system. The design of the ADB controller was then integrated with the multiarea model of the north and south zones of Scotland. This model was developed in order to conform to the future energy requirements scenario stated by National Grid whereby regional control can be provided in both the north and south of Scotland. In comparison with the standard PI and Fuzzy-PI controllers used in the four highlighted case studies, it was shown that the ADB controller was able to significantly reduce the RoCoF and deviation of frequency when a sudden loss of generation occurred in a low inertia zone. The ADB also showed high robustness against a wide range of operating conditions.  相似文献   
6.
Excessive load demand with reliability in power availability, demands for interconnection of large number of generating units over existing tie lines. Due to sudden change in demand, the power transfer over existing tie lines working close to their thermal limits results in low frequency power oscillations. Thus, in modern power systems the study of mitigation of these frequency oscillations is more involved and formulates the area of Load Frequency Control (LFC). Many conventional and heuristic control techniques have been recently applied to address the issue of LFC. This paper investigates load frequency control of large interconnected power system consisting of conventional and renewable energy sources, using hybrid heuristic approach. The proposed strategy is shown to result in improved system damping resulting in faster mitigation of low frequency oscillations.  相似文献   
7.
管胜利  赵飞 《青海电力》2009,28(4):14-18
LFC控制中最典型的问题就是由于联络线上的功率流动无限制,电能的流向总是从频率高的区域流向频率低的区域,这就加重了频率高的区域的控制负担;再加上各区域控制动作的不协调,使扰动在不同的时间、不同幅值发生时,引起系统的调节过程的急剧恶化,甚至导致整个系统的不稳定。根据研究对象的特性以及调节对象的特点,文章提出一种基于模糊MAMDANI推理算法的模糊监督控制器,采用各个区域的频率偏差作为控制器的输人,考虑监督控制器作为一种前馈补偿,设计输出为一个ACE的倍数,用以加大或者减小控制器的动作量,来控制主汽门的开度,以求在有联络线相互干扰的条件下,系统能尽快的结束调节过程,进入稳定状态。经过实验仿真数据对比发现,提出的监督控制器能有效的提高系统的稳定性。  相似文献   
8.
In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code was developed to calculate the filling pattern using volume of fluid (VOF) algorithm with donor–acceptor method for free surface simulation. This algorithm has been modified to include the pressure of the gas produced from foam degradation. For this purpose a heat transfer model and 2D foam degradation model were developed. In heat transfer model, radiation and conduction between foam and molten metal; and convection between gas and molten metal were considered. In order to evaluate the results of simulation, a bench scale casting apparatus was assembled and the casting was conducted in a transparent mold. The effect of several parameters such as coating thickness, foam density and vacuum level on the gap temperature, gap pressure and filling speed was studied with the developed software. It was found that the simulated results are in good agreement with experimental results.  相似文献   
9.
消失模铸件中因涂料散落而造成夹杂类缺陷比较普遍.分析了夹杂缺陷在消失模铸造生产中的形成过程及其相应的条件,提出了克服此类缺陷的途径和建议.  相似文献   
10.
研究了铝合金消失模铸造过程中的涂料行为。实验结果表明,保温涂料可以提高消失模铸造铝液的充型速度,但会降低铝件密度,而激冷涂料的作用与之相反。为提高消失模铸造铝液的充型速度,并减少其针孔,应采用低透气性的保温涂料,且涂层厚度不能太大,以0.2~0.3 m m 为佳。  相似文献   
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