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排序方式: 共有94条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In situ Al2O3np/Al-Al11Ce3 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized from Al-CeO2 system using a novel two-step processing method that combines liquid-state mechanical mixing(step-I) and sonochemistry melt reaction(step-II). The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron spectroscopy(TEM) and tensile tests, respectively. A good spatial distribution of CeO2 particles in the Al melt was achieved due to reactive wetting during step-I, and the following formation of Al2O3 np during step-II was attributed to the cavitation-accelerated interfacial reaction. The solidified microstructure comprised uniformly dispersed Al2O3 np in the matrix and ultrafine lamellar Al-Al11Ce3 at the grain boundaries. Such unique microstructure endowed Al2O3np/Al-Al11Ce3 nanocomposite with a good balance between tensile strength(175 MPa) and ductility(18.5%). The strengthening mechanisms of the nanocomposite included grain refinement, Orowan strengthening and quench strengthening, among which Orowan strengthening contributed the most to the yield strength of the nanocomposite.  相似文献   
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Ultrasonic irradiation of molten gallium in organic liquids (decane, dodecane, etc.) results in dispersion of the gallium into nanometric spheres. These were examined by several analytical methods XRD, DSC, Raman and IR spectroscopy) as well as electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) and found to be composed of Ga and C. The DSC analysis indicates that the Ga has possibly reacted with carbon, while the Raman spectrum of the product demonstrates a strong additional peak that could not be identified. This work explores the possibility that the product is gallium carbide or another gallium‐carbon complex. To investigate the nature of the product, we performed detailed extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) analyses. On the basis of DSC, IR, and Raman it appear to be formation of GaC, whereas the analysis by EXAFS and XANES demonstrated that the gallium is found to be in a higher reduced state (almost metallic), supported by carbon. The question that remains open in addition to the one related to the formation of galium carbide is whether a complex structure, including oxygen contamination is involved in the layers surrounding the Ga as indicated by the EXAFS results.  相似文献   
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We report here the synthesis and structural characterization of novel cationic (phenothiazinyl)vinyl-pyridinium (PVP) dyes, together with optical (absorption/emission) properties and their potential applicability as fluorescent labels. Convective heating, ultrasound irradiation and mechanochemical synthesis were considered as alternative synthetic methodologies proficient for overcoming drawbacks such as long reaction time, nonsatisfactory yields or solvent requirements in the synthesis of novel dye (E)-1-(3-chloropropyl)-4-(2-(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium bromide 3d and its N-alkyl-2-methylpyridinium precursor 1c. The trans geometry of the newly synthesized (E)-4-(2-(7-bromo-10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide 3b and (E)-1-methyl-4-(2-(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)vinyl)pyridin-1-ium tetrafluoroborate 3a′ was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. A negative solvatochromism of the dyes in polar solvents was highlighted by UV-Vis spectroscopy and explanatory insights were supported by molecular modeling which suggested a better stabilization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO). The photostability of the dye 3b was investigated by irradiation at 365 nm in different solvents, while the steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence properties of dye 3b and 3a′ in solid state were evaluated under one-photon excitation at 485 nm. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the new PVP dyes on B16-F10 melanoma cells was evaluated by WST-1 assay, while their intracellular localization was assessed by epi-fluorescence conventional microscopy imaging as well as one- and two-photon excited confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). PVP dyes displayed low cytotoxicity, good internalization inside melanoma cells and intense fluorescence emission inside the B16-F10 murine melanoma cells, making them suitable staining agents for imaging applications.  相似文献   
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一种适用于声化学的新型复合超声变幅杆   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
提出一种新型复合超声变幅杆,该变幅杆总长为一个波长,由五段组成,其中三段为等截面圆柱杆,两段为变截面圆柱杆。给出了该类复合变幅杆的设计方法,并计算了两个实例。结果表明,和普通使用的半波长复合变幅杆相比,该类复合变幅杆具有在不减少甚至增大辐射面积的情况下放大振幅的特点,这对提高整个超声系统的辐射声功率和辐射效率具有积极意义。此类复合变幅杆特别适合在声化学等超声液体处理领域使用。  相似文献   
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超声波在粉体材料制备中的应用   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
邬建辉  张传福  湛菁  吴琳琳 《有色金属》2001,53(3):81-83,87
介绍超声化学的基本原理及其在粉体材料制备中的。评述了超声波应用于金属及合金粉末、陶瓷粉体、复合粉体、稀土材料、磁性材料、高分子纳米材料制备方面的研究工作和取得的成绩。展望了其应用前景,指出了超声波与所作用物之间的定量关系和定量规律研究的重要性。  相似文献   
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超声波辐射下前驱体法合成了纳米铁酸镉(CdFe2O4)粉末。以硝酸镉、硝酸铁和脲为原料用超声化学法制得前驱体,再在950℃焙烧15h,得到平均粒径约56nm的铁酸镉粉末。得到的纳米铁酸镉粉末用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FT—IR)进行表征并得到确认,用样品振动磁强计(VSM)对其磁学参数进行了测定。  相似文献   
9.
The cycloaddition reaction of rosin and maleic anhydride under ultrasonic irradiation has been investigated. The results show that both isomerization and Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions were accelerated remarkably. The sonochemical reaction reached equilibrium in 5-10 min at 110℃, comparing with regular synthesis of 4-5 h over 180℃.  相似文献   
10.
综述了声化学强化矿物化学浸出过程的研究成果及其作用机理。  相似文献   
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