有机添加剂对模拟油EACN值及动态界面张力的影响

本文通过改变两种石油磺酸盐的混合比例,配制出碳数最低值不同的一系列混合表面活性剂溶液作为标尺,考察了几种有机酸、十八醇、Ｓｐａｎ６０ 及两种卟啉（ ＯＥＰ和ＥＴＩＯ） 对正癸烷模拟油的ＥＡＣＮ 值及油水界面张力的影响。     

STABILIZATION OF COAL PARTICLE SUSPENSIONS USING COAL LIQUID DERIVED SUSPENDING MEDIA

ABSTRACT

A liquid we derived from coal, and a liquid produced from Exxon donor solvent (EDS) vacuum gas oil served to stabilize coal particle suspensions. In one case the liquids were used like commercial stabilization additives for coal-petroleum oil mixtures (COMs) with poorer but comparable results. In the other case the idea of using the coal liquid itself as the suspending medium (in place of petroleum oil) was considered, with encouraging results.

Arguments suggest interparticle repulsion enhances the stability of coal particles in coal liquid derived suspending media.     

石油羧酸盐和磺酸盐复配体系的界面活性

研究了用石油馏分液相氧化产物制得的石油羧酸盐与不同磺酸盐（ＯＲＳ－４１、Ｂ－１００、ＭＳ－４５等）的复配体系的界面活性。结果表明,复配体系的界面生优于单一的石油羧酸或磺酸盐体系。复配体系的这些特点对提高驱油效率很有利。     

助剂对十二烷基苯磺酸盐在石英砂上吸附的影响

在398K用静态法测定了乙醇,NaOH和PAA存在时十二烷基苯磺酸钠SDBS在石英砂上的吸附等温线,观测了上述各助剂对SDBS在石英砂上吸附的影响规律,本工作实验结果及文献发表的驱油烷基苯磺酸盐在油砂上的吸附实验数据,可用改进的非均匀表面两阶段吸附模型关联。     

在降膜式连续磺化反应器中合成中当量石油磺酸盐

本文研究了在降膜连续磺化反应器中,以大庆原油馏份油为原料油,气体三氧化硫为磺化剂,合成中当量石油磺酸盐的方法,对大庆原油馏份油进行了筛选,考察了反应温度、SO_3与原料油中芳烃摩尔比,反应物停留时间、SO_3气体浓度等条件对磺化产物的影响,确定了合成中当量石油磺酸盐的反应条件。研制的中当量石油磺酸盐经复配后,对油、水有较强增溶能力,与大庆脱气原油可形成超低界面张力。     

Degradation of Recalcitrant Surfactants in Wastewater by Ozonation and Advanced Oxidation Processes: A Review

Surfactants are used in varieties of industrial cleansing processes as well as in consumer products. Spent surfactants normally enter domestic or industrial wastewater and are treated biologically. However, some of them are resistant to biodegradation and are released into the environment. Thus, the toxicity and environmental persistence of these surfactants are emerging concerns. Based on extensive review of the literature, ozonation and advanced oxidation using various combinations of ozone, hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet light irradiation, and iron salts were found effective in degrading recalcitrant surfactants, including linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, and quaternary ammonium surfactants. Biodegradability of these surfactants was improved after the treatment to some extent in the aqueous solution as well as in real wastewaters.