Combination of vegetable soup and glucan demonstrates synergistic effects on macrophage-mediated immune responses

Vegetable soup (VS), a plant-based functional food, has been used as a traditional folk medicine and is attracting attention for its ability to enhance the immune response. β-Glucan, a well-established and effective immunomodulator, has synergistic effects when used in combination with some bioactive compounds. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the synergistic immunomodulatory effects of the combination of VS and β-glucan on macrophage-mediated immune responses. β-Glucan was demonstrated to synergistically enhance the VS-stimulated immune response, including the production of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide, mainly through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in macrophages. In addition, this combination has the potential for further development in functional foods with immune-enhancing activity.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-00888-x.     

从菜西瓜中提取果胶的最佳工艺研究

为确定从菜西瓜中提取果胶的最佳工艺条件,以山西省临汾市菜西瓜为材料,采用酸法进行了提取果胶的试验研究。正交试验结果表明:在萃取时间为45min的前提下,从瓜瓤中提取果胶的最佳工艺条件是加水量为原料重量的4倍,85℃下,添加原料重量0.3％的多聚磷酸钠,果胶得率可达2.03％;从外果皮中提取果胶,加水量为原料重量的4倍,75℃下,添加原料重量0.7％的多聚磷酸钠,果胶得率可达2.98％。     

分离纯化低聚异麦芽糖的酵母菌菌株筛选

对山东寿光市保护地蔬菜施肥状况的调查及产生的问题综合评价表明 :寿光市保护地蔬菜施肥用量很大 ,但极不平衡 ,化学氮肥及磷肥施用量过大造成了土壤的盐化、酸化、中微量元素的缺乏及环境的污染 ,使得蔬菜的产品品质下降 ,蔬菜NO-3 含量较高 ,产投比降低。钾肥用量太少 ,植物抗逆性差 ,病虫害严重。提出了蔬菜合理施肥的几项建议。     

Conversion of used vegetable oils to liquid fuels and chemicals over HZSM-5, sulfated zirconia and hybrid catalysts

Thailand’s food manufacturing uses about 47 Million liters per year of vegetable oil. Used vegetable oil is classified as waste, but has potential for conversion into liquid fuel. This research studied the catalytic conversion of used vegetable oil to liquid fuel, where investigation was performed in a batch microreactor over a temperature range of 380–430 °C, initial pressure of hydrogen gas over 10–20 bars, and reaction time of 45–90 minutes. Catalysts such as HZSM-5, Sulfated Zirconia and hybrid of HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia were used to determine the conversion and yield of gasoline fraction. The major products obtained were liquid products, hydrocarbon gases and small amounts of solids. Liquid products were analyzed by simulated distillation gas chromatograph and the product distribution was obtained. Hybrid catalyst HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia showed the highest yield of gasoline with a 26.57 wt% at a temperature of 430 °C, initial hydrogen pressure at 10 bars, and reaction time of 90 minutes in the ratio of hybrid HZSM-5 with Sulfated Zirconia at 0.3: 0.7.     

蔬菜配送系统的路径优化及设计开发

蔬菜配送对时效性有很高的要求,配送路径优化成为企业赢利的关键点,而路径优化是NP难问题,传统的算法不能在有限的时间内给出最优解。使用蚁群算法（Ant Colony Optimization,AC0）并对其参数进行优化,解决车辆配送路径优化问题,使得配送路径实时最优化,降低配送成本和企业经营成本。本系统使用Struts2、Hibernate、Spring三大框架进行设计,前台具有智能定位、配送体系、订单跟踪、价格动态功能,后台集成用户管理、订单管理、新闻管理、蔬菜管理、客服服务功能。系统采用模块化设计,具有结构清晰,易于扩展的优点。     

Spatial variability of Soil Nutrients and Influencing Factors in a Vegetable Production Area of Hebei Province in China

This study was conducted to determine soil nutrient spatial variability and the factors influencing it in a vegetable production area using traditional statistics and geo-statistics. The study area encompassed 55 ha and consisted of 182 farmer's plots belonging to six production groups in the Yutian county of China. Two hundred and seventeen soil samples were collected on a 50×50-m grid at depths of 0–20 cm prior to the plots being sown for cabbage. Vegetable production history, including varieties, rotation systems and fertilizer use, at the sampling sites was also examined. Soil pH, organic manure (OM), NO₃⁻–N, available P, K, Zn, and other nutrients and particle size were measured. The results showed that N, P, K and Zn were the main limiting nutrient factors in the soil. Distinct semi-variance structures of spatial variability were observed for soil NO₃⁻–N, available P, K and Zn, with the range of spatial correlation being 204–348 m. Significant spatial distribution similarity was found for soil NO₃⁻–N, P, K and Zn, with relatively high contents of all these nutrients in some areas of the study area and relatively low contents in other areas. The correlation of soil NO₃⁻–N, P and K content with vegetable production history and fertilizer application rates (N, P₂O₅ and K₂O) suggested that vegetable variety and history of fertilizer use are important factors to be considered in the development of a soil nutrient management program in the study area.     

蘑菇培养废料的土壤培肥增产效果研究

蘑菇培养后的废料做水稻基肥 1～4t/亩 ,可增加土壤有机质 ,有效磷和有效钾 ;提高水稻产量 .     

施肥对蔬菜累积硝酸盐影响的研究进展

施肥是提高蔬菜产量的重要措施,然而不合理施肥会引起蔬菜硝酸盐的积累。本文主要对近年来国内外有关氮、磷、钾和有机肥料等的施用对蔬菜硝酸盐积累的影响进行了讨论并对今后的研究提出了一些建议。     

环境因素对蔬菜累积硝酸盐影响的研究进展

蔬菜中的硝酸盐是一种对人体有害的化学物质,其含量比其它植物都高,人体摄入它会引起多种疾病。对近年来国内外有关光照、温度、气体、土壤中的水分和养分等对蔬菜硝酸盐积累的影响进行了综述。     

菜地土壤养分的空间变异特征

通过地统计学、空间分析方法及结合农户施肥调查,对菜地土壤养分的空间变异特征进行研究。结果表明,农户施肥水平差别较大,整体上施磷相对过多,施钾相对较少,土壤OM、NH4 -N、P、K、Ca、Mg和S的变异系数在28.4%～69.2%之间。土壤各养分的空间变异结构有较大区别,土壤OM及NH4 -N的变异具有强烈空间相关性,土壤P、K、Ca、Mg和S养分含量的变异为中等空间相关性。土壤养分的等值线图显示,OM在空间的分布与土壤质地渐变规律相关,NH4 -N呈现南北向的带状分布,P、K、Ca、Mg和S趋于小块状分布。总的来说,施肥等人为因素加剧了土壤矿质养分的空间变异。