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1.
Innocenzo Muzzalupo Massimiliano Pellegrino Enzo Perri 《European Food Research and Technology》2007,224(4):469-475
Characterization of genetic identity using DNA extracted from olive oil has the potential to facilitate assessment of origin
and varietal conformity. Such a prospect is particularly interesting in light of the increased regional spread of olive cultivars
and their various contributions to olive oil mixtures for certification of denomination of origin. Towards this goal, we have
devised a reliable method for extracting DNA from virgin olive oil that was utilized on monovariety oils from the single,
self-sterile cultivar ‘Ogliarola salentina’. We show that DNA purified from oil can be used for microsatellite analysis and
that the profile of DNA purified from a monovariety oil corresponds to the profile of DNA purified from the leaves of the
same cultivar. While DNA from the pollinators present in the genome of the seed embryo, could potentially contain alleles
not present in the genome fruit pulp, invalidating the molecular traceability of olive oil, we show for the first time that
there is no contamination of seed embryo DNA in a monovariety oil. Thus, this molecular assay is applicable for monovariety
olive oils. 相似文献
2.
Hiromi Yoshida Yuka Tomiyama Masayuki Saiki Yoshiyuki Mizushina 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(11):1031-1038
The positional distribution of fatty acids (FA) of triacylglycerols (TAG) and major phospholipids (PL) prepared from four
cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.) were investigated as well as their tocopherol contents. The lipids extracted from these peas were separated by thin-layer
chromatography (TLC) into seven fractions. The major lipid components were PL (52.2–61.3%) and TAG (31.2–40.3%), while the
other components were also present in minor proportions (5.6–9.2%). γ-Tocopherol was present in the highest concentration,
and α- and δ-tocopherols were very small amounts. The main PL components isolated from the four cultivars were phosphatidylcholine
(42.3–49.2%), followed by phosphatidylinositol (23.3–25.2%) and then phosphatidylethanolamine (17.7–20.5%). Small but significant
differences (P < 0.05) in FA distribution existed when different pea cultivars were determined. However, the principal characteristics of
the FA distribution in the TAG and the three PL were evident among the four cultivars; unsaturated FA were predominantly located
in the sn-2 position, and saturated FA primary occupied the sn-1 or sn-3 position in the oils of the peas. These results suggest that the regional distribution of tocopherols and fatty acids in
peas is not dependent on the climatic conditions and the soil characteristics of the cultivation areas during the growing
season. 相似文献
3.
Nathalie Dupuy Oswin Galtier Yveline Le Drau Christian Pinatel Jacky Kister Jacques Artaud 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2010,112(4):463-475
Chemometric treatment of near‐infrared (NIR) and mid‐infrared (MIR) combined spectra was used firstly to predict oil and water contents in fresh olive fruit samples (n = 223) and secondly to classify these samples into five principal French cultivar origins (Aglandau, Cailletier, Olivière, Salonenque, and Tanche). The study was carried out during four crop years (2005/2006 to 2008/2009) to take into account the seasonal variations. The comparison of the results obtained in the combined range (REP = 2.6% for the water content and 3.5% for the oil content) provides an obvious advantage compared to the NIR and MIR techniques used separately. Fresh olive fruit cultivars were satisfactorily classified with the partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) method in the combined range. After use of the K‐means clustering on the PLS‐DA scores, all the samples were well classified into their five groups of origin. The use of infrared combined spectra allows a considerable improvement in estimating olive fruit quality (oil and water contents, varietal origins). 相似文献
4.
Antonio?RaffoEmail author Flavio?Paoletti Marco?Antonelli 《European Food Research and Technology》2004,219(4):360-368
Soluble solid, sugar, organic acid, flavonol and carotenoid content were determined in seabuckthorn berries of the three German cultivars Askola, Hergo and Leikora, collected at different harvesting times, to provide a more thorough knowledge of quality changes occurring during ripening of the berries. The main organic acids were malic (1940–4660 mg/100 g), quinic (810–2820 mg/100 g), ascorbic (180–370 mg/100 g) and citric acid (90–160 mg/100 g). In all three cultivars a marked decline in total organic acid concentration was observed during ripening. The pattern of variation of sugars, glucose (0.26–2.10 g/100 g) and fructose (0.14–0.54 g/100 g), was somewhat different among the three cultivars. In all three cultivars ascorbic acid concentration decreased during ripening. The main flavonols were isorhamnetin (350–660 mg/kg), quercetin (30–100 mg/kg) and kaempferol (2–5 mg/kg). The trends of flavonol content during ripening were quite different among the three cultivars. The main carotenoids were zeaxanthin (30–150 mg/kg), -carotene (3–50 mg/kg) and -criptoxanthin (5–19 mg/kg). The genotype seemed to affect both the extent of carotenoid accumulation and the carotenoid profile but in all three cultivars ripening was accompanied by an increase in total carotenoid concentration. The various classes of antioxidants showed quite different patterns of variation during ripening, achieving their maximum level at different harvesting dates. 相似文献
5.
6.
Aicha O. Cherif Nathalie Leveque Mhamed Ben Messaouda Habib Kallel Alain Tchapla Fathi Moussa 《LWT》2014
A simple strategy to identify triacylglycerols (TAGs) in wild and cultivar peanuts was performed using on line coupling of non-aqueous reversed phase chromatography-electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (NARP-LC-ESI–MS) with silver nitrate (AgNO3) as a post-column additive. The combination of the structural information given by MS with chromatographic retention laws led to the determination of the structure of TAGs in wild and cultivar peanut oil. In addition, by using the MS5 method, the regio-specificity of the TAGs was determined. It was also demonstrated that in Tunisian peanut oil, the saturates have a preference for the sn-1/sn-3 position for the arachidonic and behenic acids. In the wild variety fatty acids with odd numbers of carbons were found and more TAGs were identified in comparison to the cultivar peanut oil. 相似文献
7.
烤烟新品种中烟90是根据基因重组和累加效应原理,通过 G-28、单育2号和净叶黄三亲本复合杂交,经加代繁殖和混合选择,于1990年育成。1991年通过省级品种审定。1992年通过全国烟草品种审定。其原烟多桔黄或金黄色,光泽较强,结构疏松,厚度适中。还原糖19.30%,尼古丁2.24%,总氮1.85%,钾(K_2O)2.48%,糖碱比8.62,氮碱比0.82,主要化学成分适宜,比例较协调。卷烟评吸香气质较好,香气量较多,劲头适中,燃烧性好。烟叶外观质量与 G-28和NC89相近,内在品质优于 NC89。与 G-28相当。经六年多点试验、全国区试和生产示范,中烟90平均亩产176.3kg,均价2.89元,上等烟25.22%,亩产值513.72元。分别比对照品种增产17.64—27.81%,均价提高0.28—1.14元,上等烟增加2.67—8.28个百分点,亩增收102.84—165.92元,提高30.86—38.28%。高抗黑胫病,抗气候斑点病,耐赤星病和花叶病。主要农艺性状遗传相对稳定。具有优质、稳产、多抗(耐)、适应性广、抗逆力较强、耐肥和易烘烤等特点。 相似文献
8.
梅品种国际登录的五年-写在《中国园林》系统刊登梅国际登录品种彩照专页之前 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
简单介绍了梅品种国际登录权威申请和批准经过以及近5年的品种登录成果.在此基础上,为了扩大影响和国内外交流,为了梅品名称标准化,以便加速促进梅花与梅果产业化进程,自本期起在<中国园林>陆续刊出梅国际登录品种.相信此举必将对梅业之快速发展,产生一定的推动作用.最后,提出了园艺植物品种国际登录工作展望. 相似文献
9.
Shunhu Liu Ruibao Zhou Shaojun Tian Junyi Gai 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(9):793-801
Protein extracts of 640 soybean cultivars and landraces, mainly from China and a few from the US, were analyzed for their
components and subunits based on distribution patterns of bands with varying molecular weights (MW) under SDS-PAGE (sodium
dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The number and molecular weight of the bands in SDS-PAGE varied among
materials and showed a tendency of continuous distribution. Accordingly, the SDS-PAGE patterns of the soybean protein extracts
were divided into two regions: the region of bands with MW < 44 KDa and that with MW ≥ 44 KDa. The first region containing
mainly 11S proteins was divided into four parts, called subunit groups, i.e. 11S-1 (14.4–22 KDa), 11S-2 (22–26 KDa), 11S-3
(26–34 KDa) and 11S-4 (34–44 KDa). The second region containing mainly 7S protein was divided into six subunit groups, i.e.
7S-1 (44–49 KDa), 7S-2 (49–55 KDa), 7S-3 (55–67 KDa), 7S-4 (67–73 KDa), 7S-5 (73–82 KDa) and 7S-6 (82–91 KDa). The sum of
relative contents of 11S-1–11S-4 was obtained as the relative content of 11S protein, those of 7S-1–7S-6 as that of 7S protein,
and therefore, the 11S/7S ratio obtained. The proposed criteria were demonstrated to be simple, stable and feasible. Among
the 640 tested materials, 39 lacked 11S-1 but none lacked the other 11S subunit groups, while deficiencies existed in all
the six subunit groups of 7S, indicating a great potential for the genetic variation of protein components and subunits for
breeding for the improvement of protein qualities. 相似文献
10.
Alessandra Cirillo Stefania Del Gaudio Giovanni Di Bernardo Umberto Galderisi Antonino Cascino Marilena Cipollaro 《European Food Research and Technology》2009,228(6):875-881
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is an efficient tool to detect DNA polymorphisms and to distinguish different clones
and cultivars. We have applied the RAPD technique to distinguish, starting from a single rice seed, among some Italian rice
cultivars from market and from National Institute for research on food and nutrition, Italy. We also estimated the genomic
similarity among the rice cultivars object of this study taking advantage of the amplification patterns. Despite the low genomic
variability among Italian rice cultivars, RAPD technique allowed us to distinguish among them. This indicates that RAPD can
be used routinely to verify the identity of Italian rice cultivars in order to prevent fraudulent commercial activity. 相似文献