二连盆地乌兰花凹陷特低渗安山岩储层的有效性评价

针对二连盆地乌兰花凹陷安山岩储层的特性认识不清、有效储层划分不准确的问题，利用岩心薄片、黏土矿物分析、物性测试以及核磁共振实验等手段开展了岩石储集空间特征、岩石蚀变程度、测井响应特征分析。在此基础上，重点开展了基于核磁共振实验的安山岩储层有效孔隙度计算模型研究，开发了相适应的测井解释评价模块，并结合常规测井和试油结果建立了安山岩储层的分类标准。结果表明：安山岩储集空间具有发育"微孔"、"杏仁孔"双孔隙的特征，且以微孔为主；根据不同蚀变程度所建立的安山岩有效孔隙度计算模型具有很高的精度，平均绝对误差为0.16%，平均相对误差为19.40%；新测井解释储层分类标准在实际应用中与试油结论具有很好的一致性，有利于乌兰花凹陷安山岩有效储层的精确划分，并为该地区开发方案的设计及可采储量评价提供技术支持。     

基于改进奇异值分解滤波和谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对含噪信号的有效奇异值个数难以确定的问题，提出了一种改进的奇异值分解降噪方法--奇异值累积法。该方法通过计算奇异值的实际下降值与奇异值平均下降速度累积量的差值，并取该差值最大值点的位置作为有效奇异值的分界点来确定有效奇异值的个数。在此基础上，提出了一种基于奇异值累积法与快速谱峭度的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。采用奇异值累积法对原信号进行降噪处理，然后利用快速谱峭度确定滤波器中心频率及带宽，通过分析频段包络谱中明显的频率成分来诊断故障。该方法可以有效去除信号中的噪声，使得到的峭度值所反映的故障冲击更接近实际情况。对含内圈、外圈故障的滚动轴承实验数据进行分析，实验结果表明，相比快速谱峭度的故障诊断方法，该方法具有更好的故障识别效果。     

基于新型光纤的传输技术探讨

随着互联网的高速发展，引发了网络流量、电信骨干网流量急速增长，使得网络容量的提升迫在眉睫。目前，100G 系统已经商用，超100G系统能够更有效地解决流量和网络带宽持续增长带来的压力，本文主要介绍新型单模光纤的特性以及探讨基于新型单模光纤的传输技术。     

电工钢磁性检测方法国家标准应用问题和解决方案

通过对电工钢交流磁性检测方法现行国家标准（爱泼斯坦方圈法和标准单片法）在应用中存在的问题进行了梳理和解析，认为主要问题包括次级电压波形失真时需修正比总损耗、约定的有效磁路长度并非实际有效磁路长度以及磁性测量系统校准方法缺失等，并提出了采用数字反馈控制技术控制次级电压波形无需修正比总损耗、取向硅钢单片法测量时采用475 mm有效磁路长度以及磁性测量系统综合校准方案等一些解决方案。     

Relatedness between numerically small Dutch Red dairy cattle populations and possibilities for multibreed genomic prediction

Red dairy breeds are a valuable cultural and historical asset, and often a source of unique genetic diversity. However, they have difficulties competing with other, more productive, dairy breeds. Improving competitiveness of Red dairy breeds, by accelerating their genetic improvement using genomic selection, may be a promising strategy to secure their long-term future. For many Red dairy breeds, establishing a sufficiently large breed-specific reference population for genomic prediction is often not possible, but may be overcome by adding individuals from another breed. Relatedness between breeds strongly decides the benefit of adding another breed to the reference population. To prioritize among available breeds, the effective number of chromosome segments (M_e) can be used as an indicator of relatedness between individuals from different breeds. The M_e is also an important parameter in determining the accuracy of genomic prediction. The M_e can be estimated both within a population and between 2 populations or breeds, as the reciprocal of the variance of genomic relationships. We investigated relatedness between 6 Dutch Red cattle breeds, Groningen White Headed (GWH), Dutch Friesian (DF), Meuse-Rhine-Yssel (MRY), Dutch Belted (DB), Deep Red (DR), and Improved Red (IR), focusing primarily on the M_e, to predict which of those breeds may benefit from including reference animals of the other breeds. All of these breeds, except MRY, are under high risk of extinction. Our results indicated high variability of M_e, especially between M_e ranging from ～3,500 to ～17,400, indicating different levels of relatedness between the breeds. Two clusters are especially important, one formed by MRY, DR, and IR, and the other comprising DF and DB. Although relatedness between breeds within each of these 2 clusters is high, across-breed genomic prediction is still limited by the current number of genotyped individuals, which for many breeds is low. However, adding MRY individuals would increase the reference population of DR substantially. We estimated that between 11 and 133 individuals from other breeds are needed to achieve accuracy of genomic prediction equivalent to using one additional individual from the same breed. Given the variation in size of the breeds in this study, the benefit of a multibreed reference population is expected to be lower for larger breeds than for the smaller ones.     

Verification of unified effective stress theory based on the effect of moisture on mechanical properties of fiber reinforced unsaturated soil

The unified effective stress theory based on suction stress (SSCC theory) enables the characterization of soils under both saturated and unsaturated conditions with one closed-form relationship. This study provides experimental verification of this theory through the unconfined compressive strength test (UCS) and indirect tensile test strength (ITS) on silty clay soil stabilized with fiber. A series of matric suction, ITS, and UCS tests were conducted to validate the SSCC theory through the representation of the results of ITS and UCS tests in terms of mean total stress (p) versus deviatoric stress (q) and mean effective stress (p`) versus deviatoric stress (q). The results of the validation procedures showed that the SSCC theory is applicable and valid at a range of 6%–16% of water content on the silty clay and the silty clay fiber-reinforced soils. There is a small fluctuation in the increase of ITS and UCS values with increasing fiber content due to randomly oriented distribution of the fiber. The addition of glass fiber does not significantly affect the capacity of water retention of the soil. It improves the condition of the mechanical soil properties at the end of construction more than of the effective stress condition.     

Effectiveness of English local plan SA/SEAs

Fourteen years since the implementation of the European SEA Directive, the effectiveness of the English system of Local Plan sustainability appraisals/strategic environmental assessments (SA/SEAs) is analysed, based on 15 case studies, five interviews, and questionnaires of 11 planners. Substantively, SA/SEA leads to fine-tuning of plan policy wording and a more robust choice of development sites, but to only limited wider influence on the plan. Normatively, there seems to be a direct conflict between the requirement that Local Plans must provide enough housing for ‘objectively assessed need’, and environmental protection. From a pluralist perspective SA/SEA reports are very long, and although the statutory consultees often comment on them, the public do so only infrequently. It is in the transactive dimension that the largest changes have taken place: both consultants and planners have had to do more with less. This does not yet seem to have negatively affected the other effectiveness dimensions, but may not be sustainable over time.     

探究地质矿产勘查风险原因的分析及应对对策

我国有许多种类的地质矿产资源,地质矿产资源的勘查与开发有效地促进了我国工业生产的进步。整个社会的发展对于地质矿产资源的需求也非常高,所以必须开展高效的矿产资源勘查活动。但是目前地质矿产资源勘查中经常会存在一系列的风险,会对勘查人员及整个矿床造成不同程度的损害。相关企业必须采取有效的应对策略,有效降低企业的勘查风险。本文主要是基于地质矿产勘查风险原因的分析及应对策略两方面来展开进一步论述的。     

Association of TaD14-4D,a Gene Involved in Strigolactone Signaling,with Yield Contributing Traits in Wheat

Tillering is a crucial agronomic trait of wheat; it determines yield and plant architecture. Strigolactones (SLs) have been reported to inhibit plant branching. D14, a receptor of SLs, has been described to affect tillering in rice, yet it has seldomly been studied in wheat. In this study, three TaD14 homoeologous genes, TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D, were identified. TaD14-4A, TaD14-4B, and TaD14-4D were constitutively expressed, and TaD14-4D had a higher expression level in most tissues. TaD14 proteins were localized in both cytoplasm and nucleus. An SNP and a 22 bp insertion/deletion (Indel) at the exon regions of TaD14-4D were detected, forming three haplotypes, namely 4D-HapI, 4D-HapII, and 4D-HapIII. Due to the frameshift mutation in the coding region of 4D-HapII, the interaction of 4D-HapII with TaMAX2 and TaD53 was blocked, which led to the blocking of SL signal transduction. Based on the two variation sites, two molecular markers, namely dCAPS-250 and Indel-747, were developed. Association analysis suggested that haplotypes of TaD14-4D were associated with effective tillering number (ETN) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) simultaneously in four environments. The favorable haplotype 4D-HapIII underwent positive selection in global wheat breeding. This study provides insights into understanding the function of natural variations of TaD14-4D and develops two useful molecular markers for wheat breeding.