Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu Matrix Composites Reinforced byTiB2/TiN Ceramic Reinforcements

Cu matrix composites reinforced by TiB₂/TiN ceramic reinforcements (Cu/TBN composites) were prepared by hot pressing method. Prior to the hot pressing, Cu/TiB₂/TiN composite powders (CTBN powders), which were used as the starting materials of Cu/TBN composites, were fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method. The CTBN particles were found to be in a special core-shell structure with a Cu-Ti alloy core and a TiB₂/TiN ceramic shell. The test results presented obvious improvements in mechanical properties. The highest ultimate tensile strength reached up to 297 MPa, 77 MPa higher than that of Cu. And the highest hardness reached up to 70.7 HRF, 15.7 HRF higher than that of Cu. A comparative study indicated that the core-shell structured particles could bring about more obvious strengthening effect than the traditional irregularly shaped particles, which was due to the improved Cu/ceramics interfacial bonding, the linkage strengthening effect of both TiB₂ and TiN, and higher load bearing ability of the core-shell structured reinforcements.     

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of refractory boride ceramics (Zr,Ta)B2 with superior properties

The macrokinetic features of combustion in the Ta-Zr-B system were studied. Combustion is characterized by spin mode, suggesting the limiting role of gas-phase mass transfer of reagents. The mechanism of chemical reactions and phase formation in combustion wave was discussed. Primary layers of tantalum and zirconium borides were detected in the preheating zone at temperatures below the melting point of the reagents. After zirconium and boron melt, the temperature in the combustion zone reaches its maximum and zirconium diboride precipitates out of the oversaturated solution. Powders with a grain size of 1–3?μm were fabricated and hot-pressed into dense ultra-high-temperature ceramics (UHTCs). Boride ceramics with the record-setting hardness of 70?GPa, Young's modulus of 594?GPa, and elastic recovery of 96% were obtained. The measured heat conductivity of the solid solution (Zr,Ta)B₂ was equal to 35–42?W/m?K. Plasma torch tests demonstrated high oxidation resistance of the obtained ceramics at 2900–3000?°C.     

IR-transparent MgO-Y2O3 ceramics by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and spark plasma sintering

A glycine–nitrate self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) was developed to produce composite Y₂O₃–MgO nanopowders. Based on the thermodynamic calculations a 0.25YMg₂(NO₃)₇-0.75NH₂CH₂COOH precursor composition was selected to prepare low agglomerated uniform composite yttria-magnesia powder. Near full dense composite ceramics were fabricated based on the prepared powders by the spark plasma sintering method. IR-transmittance and hardness of the Y₂O₃–MgO ceramics were studied in correlation with sintering conditions. The best transmittance of 80.9%@5 μm and H_v = 10.2 GPa were measured for the sample obtained at 1150 °C.     

水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接技术

基于自蔓延高温合成技术（SHS技术）和湿法电弧焊原理,研究了一种用于水下金属结构应急维修的新型焊接方法—水下湿法手工自蔓延焊接技术.通过焊条结构设计、焊药设计等,研制了水下燃烧型焊条,进行了焊接试验,对接头组织和性能进行了分析.结果表明,该技术可在无电、无气、无其它设备的条件下实现水下金属构件的湿法焊接,单面焊双面成形,接头抗拉强度达267 MPa,冲击吸收能量13.8 J;SEM和EDS分析表明,焊缝金属为以α-Cu固溶体为基体、有大量块状富铁第二相析出的高铁铜合金,熔合区的成分和组织与焊缝第二相基本相同,焊缝合金与熔融母材交互结晶,形成了梯度熔焊连接;拉伸断裂发生在焊缝或熔合区,断口有大量韧窝,属韧性断裂.     

冷弯方形管桁架梁焊接工艺和质量控制

本文在分析冷弯方形管（ＳＨＳ）选材、冷成型加工特点和要求基础上,介绍了上海。“东方明珠”广播电视塔ＳＨＳ桁架梁的焊接工艺和质量控制措施。     

K型、KK型间隙方钢管节点静力工作性能的试验研究

为研究多平面直接焊接方钢管节点性能,本文对6个K型和8个KK型直接焊接方钢管节点进行了静力试验研究。通过对节点破坏模式和极限承载力的分析,研究了几何参数(β、g)、支杆作用位置和空间作用对节点极限承载力的影响。采用ANSYS程序中四节点板壳单元对试验节点进行了弹塑性、大挠度有限元分析。将试验数据、CIDECT公式计算结果及有限元计算结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,采用ANSYS分析方钢管节点是可行的。空间作用对KK型方钢管节点承载力有明显的影响,支杆偏离弦杆纵向轴线作用使节点承载力有一定程度的提高。     

Effect of particle size on the formation of Ti2AlC using combustion synthesis

This paper provides an insight into the effect of particle size of elemental metal powders and carbon source on the formation mechanism of Ti₂AlC MAX-phase ceramic produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The effect of titanium, aluminium and carbon particle size on the 2Ti+Al+C→Ti₂AlC reaction, the phase evolution of the final product and the porosity in both the green body and product has been examined. The effect of the carbon source in the form of graphite, carbon black and short carbon fibres on the reaction mechanism is explained. It is found that the particle size of the titanium and aluminium reactants had little effect on the phases formed but affected the green density of the reactants and the porosity in the final product. The carbon source used in the combustion reaction had an influence on the phases formed by the SHS reaction and was influenced by the dispersion of carbon particles and the titanium–aluminium particle contact.     

Comparative study of Ti-C-Ni-Al,Ti-C-Ni-Fe,and Ti-C-Ni-Al/Ti-C-Ni-Fe coatings produced by magnetron sputtering,electro-spark deposition,and a combined two-step process

Comparative study of Ti-C-Ni-Fe, Ti-C-Ni-Al, and Ti-C-Ni-Al/Ti-C-Ni-Fe coatings obtained by electro-spark deposition (ESD) using TiCNi electrode, magnetron sputtering (MS) of TiCNiAl target, and a combination of these methods (MS-ESD) was carried out. The coating microstructures and elemental compositions were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. The materials were tested in terms of their hardness, elastic modulus, elastic recovery, crack resistance, friction coefficient, and wear resistance under sliding, impact and abrasive conditions, as well as corrosion- and oxidation resistance. The work demonstrated that the utilization of a combined two-step MS-ESD technology permits to obtain bilayers made of Ti-C-Ni-Al/Ti-C-Ni-Fe coatings with improved crack-, wear- and oxidation resistance compared with their single-layered Ti-C-Ni-Al counterparts deposited by MS, and with reduced friction coefficient and enhanced corrosion resistance compared with ESD Ti-C-Ni-Fe coatings.     

自蔓延高温合成Ti3AlC2陶瓷材料

以Ti、Al、C、TiC粉末为原料,研究掺杂Si及Al含量对自蔓延高温合成Ti3AlC2的影响,合成材料的X射线衍射仪(XRD)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析结果表明:物质的量比n(Ti)∶n(Al)∶n(C)∶n(TiC)∶n(Si)=2∶1.2∶1∶0.9∶0.1的原始混合粉末,经50 MPa压力压制的压坯在空气中...     

节点轴向刚度对方管空间三角形桁架静力性能的影响

为研究节点轴向刚度对方管空间三角形桁架静力性能的影响,使其设计建立在更合理的理论分析基础之上,采用ANSYS软件对方管空间三角形桁架受力性能进行了分析。采用壳单元建立了可考虑节点刚度的分析模型,将其分析结果与不考虑节点轴向刚度的分析模型进行了对比。不考虑节点轴向刚度的分析模型考虑了节点为刚接、铰接及弦杆连续腹杆与之铰接3种情况。对比分析结果表明,节点轴向刚度对桁架整体变形影响较大,对桁架内力分布的影响很小。为便于应用,提出了能够很好地模拟节点轴向刚度影响的方管结构简化分析模型(SIM)。建议在计算方管空间三角形桁架变形时考虑节点轴向刚度的影响。