1000WN挖泥泵高铬叶轮铸造过程质量控制

介绍了1000WN挖泥泵高铬叶轮的铸造过程。通过对叶轮铸造工艺设计与模拟分析,制定出了合理的铸造工艺;利用发热冒口进行高效能补缩,结合合理的退火、淬火工艺,严格生产过程质量控制,防止缩松、裂纹缺陷的产生,成功生产出了φ2500 mm,10.5 t的高铬叶轮。为大型挖泥泵高铬叶轮的国产化制造提供借鉴。     

Transient shrinkage behavior of wustite-centered binary/ternary/quaternary/quinary-component oxide packed beds in a reducing atmosphere up to 1773 K

Wustite (FeO)-centered multicomponent oxides play an important role in the ironmaking process, and a complete understanding of their high temperature behaviors is of great importance for process optimization to achieve high efficiency and low emissions during industrial production. In this work, the transient shrinkages of FeO-centered multicomponent oxide packed beds are quantitatively determined in a reducing atmosphere up to 1773 K, and the effects of the interactions between the oxides on the shrinkage rate (SR) are qualitatively evaluated. The results show that although mixing CaO with FeO increases the SR to 0.42%/K below 1173 K, further mixing with SiO₂ or Al₂O₃ significantly limits this enhancement effect due to the formation of an olivine or spinel phase. However, in the subsequent stage, the SR increases to as high as 0.44%/K after CO is injected. The interaction between FeO and MgO leads to an SR of greater than 0.20%/K at lower temperatures, but it causes a decrease in the SR from 0.33%/K to 0.16%/K between 1173 K and 1273 K. Meanwhile, adding SiO₂ slows the reduction reaction, and the SR correspondingly decreases further to 0.04%/K. On the other hand, the interaction between CaO and Al₂O₃ takes precedence over the interaction between SiO₂ and MgO and dominates the shrinkage process in the quinary-component case, and the preferentially formed CaAl₂O₄ spinel phase hinders the formation of the Mg₂SiO₄ olivine phase.     

纳米氧化物对水泥基料化学收缩的影响

采用ASTM化学收缩试验方法,研究纳米SiO2、MgO、Al2O3对水泥基材料化学收缩变化的影响,明确纳米材料种类的差异性。结果表明,各实验组水泥基材料化学收缩均经历三阶段:急速变化区、缓慢变化区、平稳区,7d始水泥基材料化学收缩基本稳定。几种纳米材料的最佳掺量对水泥基材料的化学收缩改善作用大小为:SiO2>Al2O3>MgO。研究发现,纳米材料种类和掺量的不同对化学收缩的影响也较大,在选用时,需综合考虑。     

硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

以氧化铝粉末为基体,添加具有粘结性和一定陶瓷产率的硅树脂粉末,通过干压成型和无压烧结制备出氧化铝基陶瓷型芯,重点研究了硅树脂添加量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响。结果表明:硅树脂在裂解过程中会形成二氧化硅,二氧化硅与氧化铝基体发生反应形成新相莫来石。由于硅树脂在交联和裂解过程中会释放大量气体,导致烧结体失重,且气体的逸出会抑制由烧结引起的收缩,因此,随着硅树脂添加量增加,产生的气体量增加,烧结体的失重率增加,收缩率降低。硅树脂含量的增加使得烧结体的气孔率变大和体积密度减小,烧结体的室温抗弯强度逐渐减小。硅树脂的添加虽然降低了其室温强度,但是保证了陶瓷型芯的尺寸精度。     

Characterization of the structure and diffusion behavior of calcium alginate gel beads

A simple and novel method using gel shrinkage to indirectly characterize the structure of calcium alginate gel (CAG) beads during the calcium alginate gelation process was presented in this study. The effect of preparation process parameters (gelling cations, bead diameter, and alginate M _w and concentration) on the structure of the CAG bead formation process was thoroughly investigated. It was found that (a) the concentration of the Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ ion in gel bath was found to be the determining factor in the gel structure formation process by regulating the dissociation of alginate and the complexation of the calcium; (b) Na⁺ acts as a competitor with calcium and a screen in the electrostatic repulsion; (c) the effect of beads size below 700 μm on the structure of CAG beads can be neglected; and (d) the sodium alginate concentration has no significant effect on the gel formation process. Furthermore, the diffusion of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was controlled by the density of CAG bead. Consequently, a faster diffusion rate of BSA within the looser structure of beads can be observed. These results are keys to understanding the behavior and performance of beads in their utilization medium. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48923.     

盘区收缩与南翼风井保护煤柱工作面资源回收技术研究

为了增加煤炭回采量,达到精采细采的目的,根据云冈矿406盘区工作面的实际情况,通过合理布置保护煤柱巷道方案,按照掘进施工工艺,保证回采工作面的正常接替,采用倾斜长壁后退式普采工艺,以提高资源的回收率。结果表明:406盘区在收缩过程中,成功回采了南翼风井保护煤柱,回采出30万t煤炭资源,约收益3000万元,效益显著。     

基于虚拟元-有限元耦合的隧道内道床干缩裂缝细观研究

为解释道床与盾构隧道管片产生脱空的现象，研究新混凝土在浇筑后由干燥收缩产生的裂缝机理。基于虚拟元推导任意多边形骨料的刚度矩阵格式，利用UEL子程序实现有限元与虚拟元的耦合计算，纯弯梁数值试验结果表明耦合法较有限元法计算效率明显提升，且具有较好的稳定性。在此基础上，建立细观尺度下新老混凝土的干缩数值模型，并通过圆盘干缩模型验证了模型参数。研究骨料和砂浆的应力分布、内部湿度与裂缝发展的对应关系以及新老混凝土表面和界面的应力发展。结果表明：①收缩过程中，骨料主要承受压应力作用，砂浆沿骨料边界的切线方向受骨料约束作用易形成收缩裂缝，在新混凝土表面首先出现大量微小裂缝，随后界面两端发生剥离; ②受表面下骨料的约束作用，新混凝土表面拉应力呈现“驼峰”分布。开裂后表面被划分为多个收缩区，收缩区边界受拉应力，内部受压应力；③界面的拉伸和剪切应力由两侧开始增加，并且随着界面剥离的增加不断内移。在界面内部未剥离区域内存在由界面附近骨料约束导致的局部压应力和剪切应力增大。     

基于小波收缩的电机控制系统去噪研究

小波变换的方法可以降低电机控制系统中的噪声影响,通过变换分解出高频噪声部分,利用小波收缩的阈值量化方法去掉高频部分,再重构信号从而达到去噪目的,通过实验总结出SYM12结合软阈值处理法在信号重构及去噪效果方面都是最优的。     

尖灭矿体用浅孔留矿法衔接无底柱分段崩落法的实践

大冶铁矿尖林山西区－40米水平以下尖灭矿体，用浅孔留矿法来衔接无底柱分段崩落法进行采矿，取得了较好的经济效益。     

空场法在稳固性较差矿体中的应用

柏坊铜矿刘家湾矿段53#矿体为该矿深部小矿体。由于该矿体赋存情况特殊,矿体稳固性较差,按常规不适宜用空场法回采。经过技术经济分析,利用矿体顶板围岩稳固性较好且呈特殊的穹窿状构造的有利条件,设计提出了两种空场法方案,即房柱法和无底柱矿房留矿法,取得了较好的技术经济效果。实践证明,在一定的地质条件下稳固性较差的矿体仍可用空场法回采。