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1.
In accordance with the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, the evolution of linear edge dislocation propagating through atmospheric turbulence is studied, and the effects of waist width and the slope of linear edge dislocation are investigated. It is shown that when linear edge dislocation beams propagate through atmospheric turbulence, if the waist width is not equal and the slope is not zero, then the linear edge dislocation vanishes and transforms into an optical vortex with a topological charge of ?1 or +1. The optical vortex and an optical vortex that is created annihilate when the transmission distance is far enough. The linear edge dislocation vanishes when the slope is zero. If the waist width is equal, then the linear edge dislocation will vanish regardless of the slope value. For linear edge dislocation beams in free space, when selecting specific parameters, linear edge dislocation always exists. 相似文献
2.
Christian Greiner Johanna Gagel Peter Gumbsch 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(26)
Tribological contacts consume a significant amount of the world's primary energy due to friction and wear in different products from nanoelectromechanical systems to bearings, gears, and engines. The energy is largely dissipated in the material underneath the two surfaces sliding against each other. This subsurface material is thereby exposed to extreme amounts of shear deformation and often forms layered subsurface microstructures with reduced grain size. Herein, the elementary mechanisms for the formation of subsurface microstructures are elucidated by systematic model experiments and discrete dislocation dynamics simulations in dry frictional contacts. The simulations show how pre‐existing dislocations transform into prismatic dislocation structures under tribological loading. The stress field under a moving spherical contact and the crystallographic orientation are crucial for the formation of these prismatic structures. Experimentally, a localized dislocation structure at a depth of ≈100–150 nm is found already after the first loading pass. This dislocation structure is shown to be connected to the inhomogeneous stress field under the moving contact. The subsequent microstructural transformations and the mechanical properties of the surface layer are determined by this structure. These results hold promise at guiding material selection and alloy development for tribological loading, yielding materials tailored for specific tribological scenarios. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT High strength structural (HSS) steels are widely used in many construction equipment and infrastructures. Currently, there is a substantial demand of Non-Destructive Testing of these steel structures. In this research, the electromagnetic technique was utilised to assess the plastic damage in a typical HSS steel (i.e. Q690 steel). The results showed that the magnetic hysteresis loop of this material changed apparently after the tensile deformation, and the relevant magnetic parameters such as coercivity, remanence, and maximum permeability were sensitive to the cumulative plastic strain. The results demonstrated that there is a good coherence between the plastic damage evolution and the magnetic parameters variation, which indicated that the electromagnetic technique is an effective method to assess the plastic damage of HSS steel. 相似文献
4.
Based on column approximation (CA) assumption, many-beam Schaeublin–Stadelmann diffraction equations are employed for simulating the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) diffraction image contrast of dislocation loops within thin TEM foil of finite thickness, and two beam and many beam diffraction conditions are compared. Moreover, the effects of materials anisotropy and free surface relaxation induced elastic fields distortion of dislocation loops on the black-white image contrast are specially focused. It is found that anisotropy has a remarkable impact on the TEM image contrast of dislocation loop, and free surface relaxation induced image forces can change the black-white contrast features when dislocation loops are near TEM foil free surfaces. Thus, in order to make reliable judgment on the nature of defects, effects of free surface and anisotropy should be included when analysing irradiation induced dislocation loops and other type of defects in in-situ electron, proton, heavy-ion irradiation experiments under TEM environments. 相似文献
5.
对于晶粒,晶界,应力和位错的交互作用的深入理解有助于优化材料组织和提升材料性能。本文采用双模晶体相场法研究六方相向正方相的转变。分别针对倾侧角为0°,15°,30°,和 45°,晶粒取向差为6°的六方相体系做了系统研究。六方晶粒长大、溶合、并形成共格晶界,位错组沿六方晶界均匀分布,并有两种取向。正方相在位错组处形核,并且其取向取决于位错组取向。每一种倾侧角的体系种均形成两个取向正方相的变体。针对倾侧角为0 °,15°,30°,和 45°的六方相体系生成的四方相相变体之间的取向差分别为30°, 30°, 10°, 和5°。不同取向的正方相晶粒长大熟化的方式有差异,位于有利取向的晶粒将会优先生长占据主导地位。以共格晶界形式长大的晶粒,晶界处有位错组生成以松弛晶粒长大的应力集中。 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(86):36716-36732
The susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement behavior was investigated in an interstitial Mn–N austenitic steel HR183 and stainless steel 316L. Hydrogen was introduced by cathodic hydrogen charging at 363 K. HR183 has stronger austenite stability than 316L despite its lower nickel content, the addition of manganese and nitrogen inhibited martensitic transformation during the slow strain rate tensile deformation. Due to the diffusion of hydrogen being delayed by the interstitial solution of nitrogen atoms and the uniform dislocation slips, hydrogen permeates more slowly in HR183 than 316L, contributing to an 84.79 μm thinner brittle fracture layer in HR183 steel. Hydrogen charging caused elongation losses in both 316L and HR183 steels associated with the hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) and hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) mechanism. However, the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of HR183 is 3.4 times lower than that of 316L according to the difference in elongation loss between the two steel after hydrogen charging. Deformation twins trapped a lot amount of hydrogen leading to brittle intergranular fracture in 316L. The multiple directions of slip in HR183 steel suppressed the strain localization inside grains and delayed the adverse effects conducted by HELP and HEDE mechanism, eventually inhibiting server hydrogen embrittlement in the HR183 steel. This study is assisting in the development of low-cost stainless steel with excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance that can be used in harsh hydrogen-containing environments. 相似文献
7.
It is proposed to study the action exerted by the tectonic stresses on stability of open pit walls by using the method of
core disking in exploratory holes and the tectono-physical method based on the analysis of tectonic structure of a rock mass.
__________
Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 36–44, May–June, 2007. 相似文献
8.
9.
就基体材料的组织特征以及是否由于基体材料本身问题导致护环开裂进行研究。利用金相显微镜和电子显微镜对福建省漳平电厂发电机护环的金相样品进行观察与分析 ,发现护环材料运行一定时间后 ,奥氏体基体组织中出现滑移带。在电镜下可观察到位错缠结和位错胞 ,并伴有少量马氏体和形变孪晶。研究表明 :该基体材料的组织特征属于正常运行的组织转变 ,不会产生裂纹等异常现象。 相似文献
10.
南水北调西线一期工程在构造上位于青藏高原东部的巴颜喀拉地块内部,块体的四周边界以巨型走滑断裂和逆断裂为特征,构造运动非常强烈,是块体运动引发应力集中和释放能量的主要场所。但块体内部构造活动性较弱,仅发现甘德—阿坝断裂系北支断裂在阿坝盆地段的部分断裂、色达—洛若断裂和康勒断裂等晚更新世以来有过活动,且规模和运动强度远小于地块边界断裂。晚第四纪以来地块边界断裂的位移速率大多在7 mm/a以上,最大达18 mm/a,最小为1~2 mm/a,而输水隧洞附近最主要的活断层顺河断裂的位移速率仅为0.18 mm/a,相对地块边界断裂小1~2个数量级,可以认为工程场地处于构造相对稳定的地区。给出了阿坝盆地北缘断裂、顺河断裂等活断裂在工程使用期内最大设防的倾滑位移量,分别为0.67和2.62 m。 相似文献