An adjusted K‐medoids clustering algorithm for effective stability in vehicular ad hoc networks

Recently, the routing problem in vehicular ad hoc networks is one of the most vital research. Despite the variety of the proposed approaches and the development of communications technologies, the routing problem in VANET suffers from the high speed of vehicles and the repetitive failures in communications. In this paper, we adjusted the well‐known K‐medoids clustering algorithm to improve the network stability and to increase the lifetime of all established links. First, the number of clusters and the initial cluster heads will not be selected randomly as usual, but based on mathematical formula considering the environment size and the available transmission ranges. Then the assignment of nodes to clusters in both k‐medoids phases will be carried out according to several metrics including direction, relative speed, and proximity. To the best of our knowledge, our proposed model is the first that introduces the new metric named “node disconnection frequency.” This metric prevents nodes with volatile and suspicious behavior to be elected as a new CH. This screening ensures that the new CH retains its property as long as possible and thus increases the network stability. Empirical results confirm that in addition to the convergence speed that characterizes our adjusted K‐medoids clustering algorithm (AKCA), the proposed model achieves more stability and robustness when compared with most recent approaches designed for the same objective.     

节点度估计和静态博弈转发策略的Ad Hoc网络路由协议

针对Ad Hoc网络路由发现过程中广播路由请求分组导致的广播风暴问题，提出了一种基于节点度估计和静态博弈转发策略的Ad Hoc网络路由协议NGRP.NGRP考虑边界影响，采用分段函数的思想将网络场景分为中心、边和角区域，分别估算网络中节点在不同区域的节点度，避免了周期性广播Hello消息获取节点度导致的开销；NGRP路由请求分组的转发采用静态博弈转发策略，利用节点度估算参与转发路由请求分组的节点数量，将转发和不转发作为策略集合，设计效益函数，通过纳什均衡获得节点转发路由请求分组的转发概率，从而减少了路由请求分组广播过程中产生的大量的冗余、竞争和冲突，提高了路由发现过程中路由请求分组的广播效率.运用NS-2对协议的性能进行大量的仿真，结果表明：NGRP的分组投递率、路由开销、MAC层路由开销和吞吐率这4项指标明显优于AODV+FDG，AODV with Hello和AODV without Hello协议.     

A tree-based address configuration for a MANET

This paper proposes an address configuration scheme for a MANET. In this paper, the tree-based architecture and the algorithm of constructing a MANET are presented. In this architecture, a proxy node can assign a unique address for neighbor new nodes, so the address configuration task is distributed around all proxy nodes. The transmission of control packets is controlled within one-hop scope, so the cost is reduced and the delay is shortened. Through this architecture, the address resources released by failed nodes can be automatically reclaimed for reuse, so a proxy node has always the sufficient address space for assignment. In order to ensure the uniqueness of a node’s address, the paper also proposes the MANET merging and partitioning algorithms. Finally, this paper evaluates the performance metrics of both the proposed scheme and the existing schemes, and the results show that the proposed scheme reduces the address configuration cost and shortens the address configuration delay.     

Joint Power Control with Inter-Link Interference Prediction for Wireless Ad Hoc CDMA Networks

In the last fewyears there has been quite anin-terest in the ad hoc(self-organizing)networks basedon code division multiple access(CDMA)tech-niques[1].Thefocus of this paperisto work on powercontrol algorithms for ad hoc CDMA networks.As-suming that thereis a receive node that receivendif-ferent signals transmitted fromnneighbor transmitnodes throughnchannels that are assigned in oneti me slot and using different spread codes.In order to meet signal-to-interference-ratio(SIR)requirement,th…     

机载网络MAC协议研究综述

随着航空通信应用的不断深化、无线自组织网络研究的迅猛发展,机载网络介质访问控制（MAC）协议的研究已成为新的研究热点。首先总结和分析了机载网络MAC协议设计的应用需求,进而重点从信道接入方式角度综述了机载网络的基于竞争类MAC协议、基于调度类MAC协议、混合类MAC协议和跨层协议设计等四类MAC协议的研究进展,最后对比分析了各类典型协议的特点、性能和适用范围,并给出了需要进一步重点研究的问题,以期为从事该方面研究的人员提供参考。     

Clairvoyance: A framework to integrate shared displays and mobile computing devices

Supporting formal and informal meetings with digital information and ubiquitous software systems every day becomes increasingly mandatory. These meetings require that the integration of devices participating in the meeting and the information flow among them should be done as seamless as possible to avoid jeopardizing the natural interactions among participants. Trying to contribute to address such a challenge, this article presents a framework that allows devices integration and smooth information flow. This framework, named Clairvoyance, particularly integrates mobile computing devices and large-screen TVs through a mobile ad hoc network, and thus it eases the implementation of shared displays intended to be used in formal and informal meetings. Clairvoyance provides a set of services through an API, which can be used to develop ubiquitous applications that support meetings in particular scenarios. The preliminary evaluation of this framework considered its usage to implement a ubiquitous system that supports social meetings among friends or relatives. According to developers, the framework is easy to use and it provided all required services for such an application. The solution obtained was then utilized by end-users in simulated meetings. The evaluation results indicate that the Clairvoyance services were suitable to support the informal meetings, and that the devices integration and information flow were transparent for the end-users.     

VANETs路由协议的研究进展

车辆自组织网络是传统自组织网络派生出的一个分支,其与应用场景高度相关.传统路由协议不能有效的适用于车辆自组织网络,因此,针对车辆自组织网络提出了许多新的路由协议.首先在总结车辆自组织网络的特性后,分别介绍了单播路由、广播路由和地域性多播路由的概念,然后着重分析和总结了近年来具有代表性的路由协议的核心路由机制及其优缺点,...     

基于车载自组网的动态交通信息的挖掘和利用

动态交通信息系统是智能交通系统中重要的组成部分,作为一种新兴的车辆间无线通信网络技术,车载自组网可有效提高高速行驶车辆间的信息共享能力。文章阐述利用基于车载自组网的交通信息采集和交通事件协同检测算法、大规模海量交通信息的分布式组织和实日寸处理方法、基于位置的交通信息分发协议等技术,构建一个动态交通信息系统,实现改进交通信息系统中的事件检测的准确性和实时性,提高大规模交通信息处理的实时性,改善交通信息分发的针对性。     

基于车载自组织网络的智能交通管理及应用

文章讨论了基于车载自组织网络(VANET)的道路车辆交通智能化管理和应用的3个实例:电子检查、许可证管理、行程规划。电子检查通过车辆上的转发传感器和路边系统的传感器通信,自动处理车辆的基本信息,实现车辆检查的自动化;许可证管理实现各省市之间交通车辆信息、车辆所属公司、驾驶员证件等信息的共享;行程规划系统实现对公共车辆位置、时间信息和出行者出行路线的实时更新和规划。     

NS-2仿真系统TestSuite组件应用研究

应用NS-2技术进行网络仿真和协议算法研究,已广泛成为国内外学者和工程技术人员的首要选择。由于在NS-2网络仿真与模拟技术应用中常常对系统进行修改、移动和增减,相继产生的系统平台正确性与完整性问题也得到更多重视。重点对NS-2仿真系统Test Suite测试组件的应用进行研究,并以一个无线局域网测试组件为实例,较为全面地介绍Test Suite组件的测试原理、实现方法以及测试过程,希望对读者应用NS-2仿真系统Test Suite测试组件以及编写新的测试组件提供帮助。