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1.
The proportion of young people taken into the care of the state has increased recently and there is evidence that this social group suffer negative long‐term outcomes that might be conceptualised by the emergent criminological category of ‘social harm’. Debates in social work around an ethics of care and justice offer different ways of thinking about responding to social harm. This paper reports findings from an innovative arts‐based intervention with Looked After Children and young people and concludes that holding these competing value sets in creative tension is central to the success of the programme in helping young people to cope with and contest social harm.  相似文献   
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The objective of the current study was to explore the estimated prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in China. We conducted a meta-analysis that used the data from 36 articles. A total of 125 independent samples and 131,734 participants were included. The results revealed no significant difference in the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse between Chinese men (9.1%) and women (8.9%). The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in studies from mainland areas was significantly higher than that from Hong Kong/Taiwan. The estimated prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in China also differed according to the definition of child sexual abuse, data collection method, year of data collection, and the mean age of participants at the time of assessment.  相似文献   
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ABSTRACT

Within NZ gambling and its associated harms are well-researched topics. However, most studies to date have relied upon the use of survey methodology or have focused on individual regions. In this paper we distribute gaming machine proceeds (GMP) from gaming venues to the surrounding localities in order to derive estimates of GMP per capita. It is hoped these estimates will enable the trusts who operate the electronic gaming machines (EGMs), and who are responsible for reinvesting a proportion of proceeds back into the community, to more accurately target funding towards the areas most affected by the harms of EGM gambling. Our estimates of GMP per capita also provide a means of assessing the criterion validity of the recently developed Dynamic Deprivation Index. Furthermore, although it is well known that Māori and Pacific Island populations have a higher incidence of problem gambling, our results imply that when controlling for socio-economic deprivation and the geographic location of EGMs the associations between ethnicity and GMP per capita are weak. From a policy perspective, this suggests the most effective way of limiting the harms of EGM gambling on these populations is to place tighter controls on the number of venues within their communities.  相似文献   
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ABSTRACT

The effect of iwi community justice panels is assessed using data from seven years of implementation. Panel participants of 1013 are compared to a control group drawn from 73,000 offenders charged with similar offences and propensity-matched by age, gender, ethnicity, offending history and location. The dependent measure is re-harm from offending calculated using the NZ Crime Harm Index. Panel participants did not reduce their rate of offending compared to matched controls. However, there is a significant reduction in harm from post-panel offending, on average by 26.9 ± 21.05 equivalised prison days. The relative reduction is 22.25% of the harm committed by matched controls. Iwi panels are an effective alternative justice resolution. Panel participants are found to re-offend with minor offences and thus any focus on rates of offending would miss the complexity of the restorative justice process that reduces the harm of re-offending.  相似文献   
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学术行政化是当前高校管理体制的特点之一。学术行政化曾经一段时间顺应了时代发展的要求,但其弊端已经慢慢暴露出来。学术行政化违背了学术发展的规律,制约了创新型人才的培养,产生了不正确的行为导引,引发了学校不同群体之间的隐性对抗。要破解学术行政化的困局,就要遵循学术发展的规律,优化学术资源的配置,构建学术治理新模式,成立学术共同体。  相似文献   
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本文从分析吉林省高校学生具备的毒品知识水平调查结果入手,用抽样统计数据反映了当前我省大学生对毒品认识的总体状况和掌握毒品知识的总体水平。通过介绍当前高校面临的毒品入侵风险,结合新型毒品的蔓延趋势,论述了高校开设毒品知识课程的重要性、现实性、必要性,并对开展高校毒品知识教育的方式方法、手段途径等进行了探讨。  相似文献   
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新生代农民工是我国产业工人群体的重要组成部分,由于体制和制度等原因,新生代农民工不满情绪压抑在内心深处,形成怨恨。造成新生代农民工怨恨感的原因是多方面的:从社会分层理论看,新生代农民工属于社会下层;从社会身份理论看,新生代农民工属于“边缘人”;从社会交往理论看,新生代农民工仍是初级交往为主;从受教育程度看,新生代农民工文化水平普遍较低。怨恨感的压抑会带来一系列的社会危害:伤害农民工自我心灵,阻碍社会进步;引起农民工思想混乱,导致群体性事件的发生;降低政府公信力,削弱社会的整合能力和动员能力。在此提出化解农民工怨恨感的对策建议:提升农民工的社会政治地位,加强对新生代农民工的人文关怀;进一步提高农民工的工资待遇,切实保障其合法权益;完善农民工就业培训,增强其社会竞争力。  相似文献   
9.
Harm-minimization strategies reduce the experience of gambling-related harms for individuals and those close to them. Most policies and particularly discussions of tool design and implementation fail to involve end users and consider their concerns and needs. This study aimed to investigate the best way to introduce a harm-minimization tool for electronic gaming machines (EGMs) that will maximize the perceived value and subsequent uptake by the intended audience of gamblers. Focus groups were conducted with 31 Australian regular EGM gamblers experiencing a range of gambling problems. Participants were asked their perspectives of a pre-commitment system (features including accessing activity statements, setting limits, viewing dynamic messages, taking breaks), including concerns, and how to enhance perceived value and usefulness. Positive attitudes about the system were expressed; however, many gamblers saw the tool as relevant only for problem gamblers. Participants indicated that value could be enhanced by making the system flexible and customizable, but still easy to use. Design and implementation strategies such as incorporating flexibility in features, ease of use, appropriate terminology, and educational efforts may address gamblers’ concerns, particularly regarding privacy and potential stigma. This would enhance user perception of harm-minimization tools as relevant and may subsequently enhance effectiveness.  相似文献   
10.
全球环境法是在全球化的背景下随着环境法律移植和创新的深入发展而得以产生和演进的,其中,全球环境损害责任制度堪为缩影和写照。在国内法层面,为了克服污染受害者起诉污染者承担损害赔偿责任的制度性障碍,一些国家采取了放宽因果关系证明要求和转移举证责任等多种因应措施。然而,在国际层面,对于针对美国跨国公司在国外的环境侵权行为的诉讼,美国法院往往以不方便美国法院原则、适用《外国人侵权法》在美国起诉须以被告违反国际法为条件、非居民外国人不具备审慎起诉资格等为由而拒不受理,致使环境受害者在美国的诉讼阻力重重。作为应对,发展中国家采取了一系列举措。其中,最典型的立法对策是,规定一旦案件在国外起诉,国内法院便自动丧失管辖权;在原告所在国起诉的,允许以被告所在国的法律来计算污染损害赔偿额,等等。因而,一国对外国原告提起的环境诉讼的接受和承认外国判决之互惠条件准则的出台,将变得越来越重要。今后跨国环境私人诉讼将不断推动全球环境损害责任制度的发展,而不断革新的全球环境损害责任制度也将成为全球环境法新格局中的重要组成部分。  相似文献   
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