MW-PLS法对雷尼替丁粉末药品的定量分析

结合可移动窗口偏最小二乘法(MW-PLS),利用近红外漫反射光谱建立雷尼替丁粉末药品质量分数无损快速检测方法.对模型进行优化时选择一阶导数、二阶导数、卷积平滑和快速Fourier变换预处理方法,并优化隐变量数等模型参数.以逼近度Da作为建模参数的优化评价标准,最终得到测定雷尼替丁粉末药品的最佳模型.用该模型进行预测,其校正集和验证集的预测值和真实值间的相关系数(Rc)分别为0.984 5和0.977 5,校正集的均方根误差(RMSEC)为0.003 1,验证集均方根误差(RMSEP)为0.003 3.与高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定结果比较,其相对误差≤2.422%.     

西双版纳地区橡胶林生物量的遥感估算

以西双版纳地区橡胶林为对象,设置93个900 m2样地并测量每株胸径等数据,根据经验式计算样地生物量,并分析了生物量与样地调查时间接近的2010年Landsat TM影像的反射率和植被指数的相关性,建立生物量估算模型,计算了该地区橡胶林生物量.结果表明:①生物量与可见光波段(TM1,TM2,TM3)(P<0.01)和中红外波段(TM5,TM7)反射率呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与NDVI,RVI和GI植被指数则呈显著正相关(P<0.01);②GI植被指数是生物量的最佳估算因子;③橡胶林生物量变化在1～291 t.hm-2之间,平均值为(75.90±58.75)t.hm-2,总生物量为1.97×107 t;④生物量在景洪市和勐腊县南部地区较高,且随海拔升高呈现出先增加后减少趋势,最大值出现在600～700 m.     

Observations on the spectral reflectances of certain high Andean Penaincisalia and Thecloxurina,with the description of a new species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Eumaeini)

The eumaeine hairstreak species Thecloxurina tegulina Bálint and Boyer, sp. n. from SW Peru, department Apurímac (type locality: Karkatera, NW of Ampay, 3,200 m, 13°34′286″S; 72°58′501″W) is described on the basis of qualitative and quantitative wing pattern, male genital and spectral characters. The spectral reflectance of the closely related genera Penaincisalia and Thecloxurina are investigated and compared. It is demonstrated that the spectral characteristics of the two genera are qualitatively differing, and the taxa investigated representing the two genera (Penaincisalia:Thecloxurina = 3:5) also have characteristic species dependent reflectance peaks measured at normal incidence.     

An improved automatic detection method for earthquake-collapsed buildings from ADS40 image

Earthquake-collapsed building identification is important in earthquake damage assessment and is evidence for mapping seismic intensity. After the May 12th Wenchuan major earthquake occurred, experts from CEODE and IPSC collaborated to make a rapid earthquake damage assessment. A crucial task was to identify collapsed buildings from ADS40 images in the earthquake region. The difficulty was to differentiate collapsed buildings from concrete bridges, dry gravels, and landslide-induced rolling stones since they had a similar gray level range in the image. Based on the IPSC method, an improved automatic identification technique was developed and tested in the study area, a portion of Beichuan County. Final results showed that the technique＇s accuracy was over 95%. Procedures and results of this experiment are presented in this article. Theory of this technique indicates that it could be applied to collapsed building identification caused by other disasters.     

温度对复合材料红外性能的影响

利用硬脂酸凝胶法制备了SiO2-Y2O3-TiO2复合材料.通过差热-热重分析、X-射线粉末衍射以及傅立叶变换红外光谱等表征手段对所得前驱体及烧结产物的性质进行了研究.结果表明该材料在中、远红外区具有较强吸收,在近红外有很好的反射,可以起到显著的隔热降温效果.     

Palaeogeothermal response and record of the effusing of Emeishan basalts in the Sichuan basin

Thermal history of the Sichuan basin is reconstructed based on vitrinite reflectance from boreholes in the basin using a paleo-heat flow method.The results show that the Sichuan basin experienced a relatively low heat flow period in the Early Paleozoic,and an elevated paleo-heat flow,ranging 60-80 mW/m2 with a maximum as high as 100 mW/m2 around 259 Ma,from the beginning of the Late Paleozoic to the end of the early Permian,and a decreased paleo-heat flow from the late Permian to the late Triassic,and then ...     

遥感估算植被覆盖度的角度效应分析

植被覆盖度是植被在地面的垂直投影面积占统计区总面积的百分比.由于植被反射的二向性特性,不同角度估算的植被覆盖度原则上不可比,另外,不同观测角度对应像元不同的采样面积,对于非均一地表这种面积差异引起的角度效应也非常显著.本文除了考虑植被的二向性反射,还重点模拟分析了由于像元的采样面积差异引起的角度效应及其带来的植被覆盖度估算误差.模拟结果表明:相比天顶观测,在倾斜40°观测时,对于作物和裸土混合,由于面积误差带来的红光波段反射率差异已高达56%,同时引起的植被覆盖度估算误差达到23%,因此研究植被覆盖度的角度效应问题很有必要.     

配合煤的镜质组反射率分布与焦炭强度预测

为了工业配煤炼焦生产的需要,通过对配合煤的镜质组反射率分布与焦炭机械强度的研究,得出镜质组反射率分布与焦炭机械强度具有良好的线性关系。据此建立相关性好、可信度高的数学模型,进行实验验证。结果表明:焦炭机械强度M40和M25的预测误差小,可以用于指导工业配煤炼焦生产;影响M40和M25最大的均为肥煤,影响M10最大者为焦煤。     

基于短波近红外光谱盐酸氟桂利嗪粉末药品质量比的估算方法

基于短波近红外(SW-NIR)漫反射光谱,提出一种非破坏定量预测盐酸氟桂利嗪粉末药品质量比的新方法.以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析值为参考值,将遗传算法(GA)和神经网络相结合,建立盐酸氟桂利嗪粉末药品的光谱特性与质量比间的定量分析模型.应用GA自动构建神经网络拓扑结构,选择最优的网络参数和光谱波段;讨论不同光谱预处理方法对神经网络预报能力的影响,并对测试集样品质量比进行预测.结果表明,一阶导数数据预处理方法为最优预处理建模方法,其测试集的均方根误差RMSE=0.198 7%,相关系数R=0.986 3.     

光热反射技术测量材料热扩散率的一种新方法

提出一种利用调制光热反射(MPR)技术测量固体材料热扩散率的新方法.通过比较待测样品与已知热扩散率材料幅频特性的差异,得到待测样品的热扩散率.理论分析表明,在利用MPR频响法测量材料热扩散率时,该方法无需测量泵浦和探测光斑半径的大小,可有效地避免泵浦和探测光斑半径的测量误差对热扩散率测量的不利影响.实验结果说明了上述方法的可行性.