水合氧化铁去除Cu~(2+)的实验研究

研究了实时生成的水合氧化铁(HFO)对Cu2+的去除。研究结果表明:生成的水合氧化铁是棕黄色无定形铁的氧化物,盐滴定方法测得其零电荷点PZC为8.28±0.02;它对Cu2+吸附的动力学特征受控于HFO的生成动力学,其吸附等温线可用Henry公式和类似Langmuir公式的叠加来拟合;随着吸附剂量的增加,它对Cu2的吸附率和吸附量的影响分别呈现出指数形式(Y=aXb)的增加和减少。Cu2+从溶液中去除的可能机理包括表面络合反应、共沉淀、表面沉淀、Cu2+的水解作用、Cu2+的水解产物与水合氧化铁的絮凝作用等。     

Removal of arsenate with hydrous ferric oxide coprecipitation：Effect of humic acid

Insights from the adverse effect of humic acid(HA) on arsenate removal with hydrous ferric oxide(HFO) coprecipitation can further our understanding of the fate of As(V) in water treatment process. The motivation of our study is to explore the competitive adsorption mechanisms of humic acid and As(V) on HFO on the molecular scale. Multiple complementary techniques were used including macroscopic adsorption experiments, surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS), extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) spectroscopy, flow-cell attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared(ATR-FTIR) measurement, and charge distribution multisite complexation(CDMUSIC) modeling. The As(V) removal efficiency was reduced from over 95% to about 10% with the increasing HA concentration to 25 times of As(V) mass concentration. The SERS analysis excluded the HA-As(V) complex formation. The EXAFS results indicate that As(V) formed bidentate binuclear surface complexes in the presence of HA as evidenced by an As-Fe distance of 3.26–3.31 ?. The in situ ATR-FTIR measurements show that As(V) replaces surface hydroxyl groups and forms innersphere complex. High concentrations of HA may physically block the surface sites and inhibit the As(V) access. The adsorption of As(V) and HA decreased the point of zero charge of HFO from 7.8 to 5.8 and 6.3, respectively. The CD-MUSIC model described the zeta potential curves and adsorption edges of As(V) and HA reasonably well.     

Zr、Hf在水合氧化铁上的吸附实验研究

制备了两种不同n(Zr)／n(Hf)的Zr、Hf混合溶液,测定了实时生成的水合氧化铁和预先生成的水合氧化铁在不同pH条件下对Zr、Hf的吸附量,并对其吸附等温线进行了研究。研究结果表明:等价元素Zr、Hf在HFO上的吸附是非线性的,在吸附过程中二者发生了分异,Zr的吸附能力要大于Hf;在天然水体pH值范围内(pH≥6),Zr、Hf的吸附量Q及n(Zr)／n(Hf)不随pH发生变化,显示了Zr、Hf相对惰性的行为;Zr、Hf在吸附过程中表现出惊人的一致性行为,Zr、Hf数据间的相关系数R2在0.98以上;Zr、Hf在HFO上的吸附可能是表面羟基与Zr、Hf表面络合反应的结果,并且络合能力Zr>Hf。