Fast and efficient aqueous arsenic removal by functionalized MIL-100(Fe)/rGO/δ-MnO2 ternary composites: Adsorption performance and mechanism

Because of its significant toxicological effects on the environment and human health,arsenic(As) is a major global issue.In this study,an Fe-based metal-organic framework(MOF)(Materials of Institut Lavoisier:MIL-100(Fe)) which was impregnated with reduced graphene oxide(rGO) by using a simple hydrothermal method and coated with birnessitetype manganese oxide(δ-MnO_2) using the one-pot reaction process(MIL-100(Fe)/rGO/δ-MnO_2 nanocomposites) was synthesized and applied successfully in As removal.The removal efficiency was rapid,the equilibrium was achieved in 40 min and 120 min for As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ),respectively,at a level of 5 mg/L.The maximum adsorption capacities of As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) at pH 2 were 192.67 mg/g and 162.07 mg/g,respectively.The adsorbent revealed high stability in pH range 2-9 and saturated adsorbent can be fully regenerated at least five runs.The adsorption process can be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.The adsorption mechanisms consisted of electrostatic interaction,oxidation and inner sphere surface complexation.     

砷、汞对植物毒性影响及其迁移富集效应探讨

介绍了自然环境中砷、汞的污染来源与污染现状,探讨了砷、汞对植物生长发育、光合作用和抗氧化能力的影响;为了缓解砷、汞对植物的毒害作用,可以添加新一代植物激素、营养元素和改良剂。分析发现,植物对不同浓度砷和汞的敏感程度并不相同,可利用特定植物的富集作用进行环境修复。当前研究主要集中于植物对砷、汞的吸收和转运生理机制,今后还需要加强对超积累植物分子基础的探索。     

土壤中砷的原子荧光法测定

将土壤粉末均匀稳定地悬浮于0.15％～0.2％琼脂溶胶中,采用悬浮样品直接进样,氢化物发生—非色散原子荧光法,测定其砷含量。以柠檬酸—NaOH缓冲液控制试样pH4.7,测定As~(3+);以HCl、KI和抗坏血酸还原As~(5+)为As~(3+),测定总砷量;用差减法求得As~(5+)含量。方法应用于测定不同类型土壤时,相对标准偏差为1％～6％,回收率为85％～106％。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定轻质油中痕量砷时样品前处理方法的探讨

研究了轻质油中痕量砷的几种样品处理方法。实验表明，石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定时，用碘-甲苯和H2O2-HNO3相结合处理轻质油样品较为合适，萃取效率可达90％。并对影响萃取测定的其它因素作了初步探讨。     

浅谈砷污染

金属冶炼，煤炭燃烧过程中向环境排出大量砷，严重危害人类健康．本文介绍了砷的污染来源，转移过程和对人体危害的机理，提醒人们注意砷的污染．     

煤炭燃烧排砷水平与控制技术研究

煤炭是我国目前的主要一次能源之一,燃煤中的重金属污染愈来愈受到重视,如何控制煤炭中砷向环境中扩散,减轻环境污染是近年来重要的研究课题.通过开展对铁法煤业集团内部高砷煤和低砷煤的动力配煤燃烧试验,分析动力配煤燃烧过程中的砷迁移水平,研究铁法煤业集团内部动力配煤燃烧过程中的砷迁移规律和动力配煤降砷的可行性,并为开展最佳动力配煤操作数据提供理论依据,为高砷煤燃烧控制砷的排放寻找治理途径,提高煤炭资源的最大利用效率.     

分光光度法测定中药板蓝根中砷含量的方法探讨

对中药材板蓝根中砷含量测定的方法进行探讨。样品经HNO3-H2SO4消解，分光光度法测定回收率，并用该方法对来自不同产地板蓝根中砷的含量进行了测定。结果表明：砷的含量在0-25μg范围与吸光度呈良好的线性关系，r=0.9997,回收率平均值为95.0％。各地区板蓝根中砷的含量参考相关国家标准均未超标。     

Catalytic oxidation effect of MnSO4 on As(III) by air in alkaline solution

The catalytic oxidation effect of MnSO₄ on As(III) by air in an alkaline solution was investigated. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results of the product, it was shown that the introduction of MnSO₄ in the form of solution would generate Na_0.55Mn₂O₄·1.5H₂O with strong catalytic oxidation ability in the aerobic alkaline solution, whereas the catalytic effect of the other product MnOOH is not satisfactory. Under the optimal reaction conditions of temperature 90°C, As/Mn molar ratio 12.74:1, air flow rate 1.0 L/min, and stirring speed 300 r/min, As(III) can be completely oxidized after 2 hr reaction. The excellent catalytic oxidation ability of MnSO₄ on As(III) was mainly attributed to the indirect oxidation of As(III) by the product Na_0.55Mn₂O₄·1.5H₂O. This study shows a convenient and efficient process for the oxidation of As(III) in alkali solutions, which has potential application value for the pre-oxidation of arsenic-containing solution or the detoxification of As(III).     

Arsenic biotransformation and an arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase in plankton

<正>Arsenic(As)is a well-recognized toxicant and carcinogen.Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic causes a range of human cancers(e.g.,skin,bladder,and lung)and increases the risk of developing diabetes,hypertension,and cardiovascular and neurological diseases.The prevalence of arsenic species and the severity of their health effects continue to drive and demand for extensive research(Carlin et al.,2016).     

华南某金矿下游河道砷镉分布特征

对华南某金矿下游河道砷、镉分布特征进行了初步研究,在金矿下游河道沿程布设7个沉积物采样点及两个河道断面,分析了沉积物及断面土壤的砷、镉、铬、铜、镍、铅、锌含量。采用Tessier连续提取法分析沉积物中砷、镉等重金属的形态。砷含量高达10 208⁷0 621 mg/kg,镉含量达2.870 621 mg/kg,镉含量达2.8¹0.2 mg/kg。沉积物中砷、铅元素含量沿水流方向总体呈现减少趋势,铬、铜元素含量沿水流方向呈现增加趋势,镉元素含量沿水流方向先增加后减少。上游断面沉积物砷、镉等重金属浓度由河流中泓线向河岸方向增加,砷含量由16 617 mg/kg增加至53 197 mg/kg;下游断面则反之,砷含量由16 860 mg/kg减少至384mg/kg。沉积物中砷、镉等重金属元素主要以铁锰氧化态、有机结合态和残渣态的形式存在。