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西藏地区春青稞耗水特征及适宜灌溉制度探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以中科院拉萨高原生态试验站为依托,通过开展春青稞生长与土壤水分定位观测实验,利用SHAW模型实现对春青稞农田蒸散发与土壤水深层渗漏与补给过程模拟,分析了春青稞的耗水特征,并对其适宜的灌溉制度进行了初步探讨:①春青稞生长期间,耗水450 mm左右,其中,分蘖—拔节、拔节—抽穗、抽穗—蜡熟这3个阶段是春青稞的耗水旺期,耗水量占整个生长期的72%。把握住该时期的水分供应,对提高作物产量十分重要。②在春青稞的需水关键期降水量仅能满足作物需水的58%,必须补充人工灌溉;但现行的灌溉制度由于灌溉量较大,不仅加大土壤蒸发,更造成较大的深层渗漏。③在播种—出苗、拔节—抽穗期分别灌溉50 mm,抽穗—蜡熟期灌溉60 mm,共减少灌溉用水125 mm后,深层渗漏减少了81%(131 mm);深层土壤水向上补给量增加了55%(44 mm)。节水灌溉不仅减少了土壤蒸发与深层渗漏也促使深层土壤水向上补给根系层,应该大力推广这一灌溉制度。 相似文献
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仝江 《安全.健康和环境》2013,(12):29-29
中原油田日前启动了消防安全“平安冬春”系列专项行动,消防支队在不同区域成立5个督导检查组,组织开展实施“地毯式”的专项检查行动,对辖区油气生产等单位进行油气管道检查,并对检查中新查出的事故隐患进行集中整治,严防隐患演变为事故。图为12月5日,河南省濮阳市中原油田消防支队应急救援五大队消防监督员正在采油五厂油气集输大队检查油气管道生产设备消防安全防患情况。 相似文献
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Hull-less barley is a special food crop rich in various nutrients in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Six-pearling is often used to produce commercial hull-less barley rice in order to improve its rough taste and inferior cooking quality. This study evaluated the differences in the nutritional, cooking, sensory, and storage qualities of hull-less barley rice with different pearling times to obtain suitable processing conditions for the production of high-quality hull-less barley rice. With increasing pearling time, the contents of vitamin B6, vitamin E, dietary fiber, iron, zinc, phenols, and flavonoids significantly decreased to a large extent, protein and vitamin B3 decreased slightly, the contents of total starch and β-glucan increased significantly, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) initially increased and then decreased. The peak, trough, and final viscosity of whole grain barley were 1 860.50 cP, 914.50 cP, and 2 150.00 cP, respectively, and increased after six-pearling to 4 219.00 cP, 2 628.00 cP, and 5 074.00 cP, respectively. At the same time, the water absorption and volume expansion of the pearled hull-less barley increased significantly. The hardness of pearled hull-less barley reduced from 4 708.50 g to 2 282.00 g, its adhesiveness increased from 0.00 to -7.33, and its taste and sensory quality exhibited better. The activities of α-amylase, polyphenol oxidase, lipase, and catalase in pearled hull-less barley slightly decreased. Hull-less bran flour is rich in a variety of nutritional components and could be a potential resource with great developmental value. In general, hull-less barley rice obtained from three-pearling has high nutritional value, high cooking quality, low enzyme activity, and low energy consumption; therefore, it can be used to produce high-quality barley rice. This study provides important information for high-quality pearled hull-less barley and further utilization of barley bran flour. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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黄淮海平原水浇地、旱地不同熟制的气候资源利用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了合理利用气候资源,提高土地生产力,探索适合我国国情与黄淮海平原的种植制度,1980—1984年期间在平原北部(北京)水浇地上连续进行了五年田间试验,1983年和1984年两年又增加了水浇地与旱地对比,并在平原中部黑龙港地区的北京农业大学曲周试验站及平原南部属黄淮平原的河南省淮阳县增加了两个点。试验设水浇地和旱地两部分,各有一年一熟(冬小麦、春玉米和春大豆)和一年两熟(冬小麦复播玉米、冬小麦套播玉米和冬小麦复播大豆)。栽培管理按当地中上水平进行。 相似文献
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根据本实验室克隆并公布的藏青稞β—1,3—葡聚糖酶Ⅱ(BGH Ⅱ)基因序列,以藏青稞QB09基因组DNA为模板,构建DNA步移文库,并通过步移技术克隆出BGH Ⅱ起始密码子上游调控序列BGHP.鉴定和分析表明,BGHP具备大多数高等植物启动子的保守元件,预测它对BGHⅡ基因的表达具有一定的作用.为鉴定BGHⅡ基因的基本启动子元件,将基因5′侧翼序列做缺失片段分析,利用PCR方法从BGHP中得到3个不同大小两端带有Hind Ⅲ、BamH I酶切位点的片段BGHP1、BGHP2和BGHP3,定向插人载体pMGFP4(pBI221改建,报告基因为GFP)中,取代原有的CaMV35S启动子,构建了由驱动报告基因GFP的植物表达载体BGHPVl、BGHPV2和BGHPV3,用于大麦的遗传转化,为进一步研究其功能奠定了基础.图5表1参15 相似文献