Impact and educational outcomes of a small group self‐directed teaching strategy in a clinical neuroscience curriculum

The complexity of the material being taught in clinical neuroscience within the medical school curriculum requires creative pedagogies to teach medical students effectively. Many clinical teaching strategies have been developed and are well described to address these challenges. However, only a few have been evaluated to determine their impact on the performance of students studying clinical neuroscience. Interactive, 2‐hour, self‐directed small‐group interactive clinical case‐based learning sessions were conducted weekly for 4 weeks to integrate concepts learned in the corresponding didactic lectures. Students in the small groups analyzed cases of patients suffering from neurological disease that were based on eight learning objectives that allowed them to evaluate neuroanatomical data and clinical findings before presenting their case analysis to the larger group. Students’ performances on the formative quizzes and summative tests were compared to those of first‐year medical students in the previous year for whom the self‐directed, small‐group interactive clinical sessions were not available. There was a significant improvement in the summative performance of first‐year medical students with self‐directed clinical case learning in the second year (Y2) of teaching clinical neuroscience (P < 0.05) when compared with first‐year students in the first year (Y1) for whom the self‐directed learning approach was not available. Student performance in the formative assessments between Y1 and Y2 was not significantly different (P = 0.803). A target of ≥70% student scoring above 80% in the final summative examination was met. The current study revealed evidence for the impact and educational outcomes of a self‐directed, clinical teaching strategy in a clinical neuroscience curriculum for first‐year medical students. Anat Sci Educ 11: 478–487. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

Discrete Choice Modeling in Education: An Innovative Method to Assess Teaching Practices

Self‐reported measures are an easy, time‐efficient, and low‐cost way to collect research data compared to other assessment methods. They are, however, characterized by several limitations regarding the quality and the clarity of the data they produce, especially when they are implemented in education. The main purpose of the current study was to use a method called discrete choice modeling (DCM) in education, in order to develop a self‐reported instrument that will reduce the bias for socially desirable responses and to assess teachers’ practices in physical activity. DCM method has the ability to overcome the respondents’ tendency to answer in a socially desirable way. A nationally representative sample of 531 Greek early educators participated in this study and were administered a self‐assessment questionnaire based on DCM. Results showed that the DCM based newly developed instrument manages to assess effectively educators’ practices and provided evidence of the applicability of the method in education. Further implications and future recommendations regarding the effective application of DCM in education are discussed.     

The interrupted learner: How distractions during live and video lectures influence learning outcomes

New instructional technologies have been increasingly incorporated into the medical school learning environment, including lecture video recordings as a substitute for live lecture attendance. The literature presents varying conclusions regarding how this alternative experience impacts students' academic success. Previously, a multi‐year study of the first‐year medical histology component at the University of Michigan found that live lecture attendance was positively correlated with learning success, while lecture video use was negatively correlated. Here, three cohorts of first‐year medical students (N = 439 respondents, 86.6% response rate) were surveyed in greater detail regarding lecture attendance and video usage, focusing on study behaviors that may influence histology learning outcomes. Students who reported always attending lectures or viewing lecture videos had higher average histology scores than students who employed an inconsistent strategy (i.e., mixing live attendance and video lectures). Several behaviors were negatively associated with histology performance. Students who engaged in “non‐lecture activities” (e.g., social media use), students who reported being interrupted while watching the lecture video, or feeling sleepy/losing focus had lower scores than their counterparts not engaging in these behaviors. This study suggests that interruptions and distractions during medical learning activities—whether live or recorded—can have an important impact on learning outcomes. Anat Sci Educ 11: 366–376. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

铸魂育人:体育课程思政建设的紧迫性与自身优势探究

“体育强则中国强”,体育在国家建设、人才培养、社会发展中具有举足轻重的重要作用。进入“新时代”,在复杂的国际形势下,在中华民族迈向伟大复兴“中国梦”的征程中,“以体育人”已成为社会的迫切需求。体育蕴含的自信自强、不畏强敌,顽强拼搏、永不言弃,团结协作、爱国奉献,德艺双修等精神,以及历代先贤对“武”的重视、国家领导人有关体育的论述等已为体育课程思政建设指明了方向、提供了活水源头。     

试论当代文学的阅读教学

针对目前当代文学阅读教学中出现的问题，基于自己几年来有关阅读教学的实践，试图探讨当代文学阅读教学的重要性和必要性、当代性和开放性、主导和主体、以及阅读教学的具体内容和方法等问题。     

家校合作在农村寄宿生自主管理中的应用研究

学校要通过家校合作促进农村寄宿学生的自主管理,提高学生的自主学习能力。文章分析家校合作联合教育的重要意义,探讨农村初中寄宿生自主管理的问题,指出教师要建立学生自主管理队伍,实现层级管理;了解学生的基本信息,进行合理安排;重视学生自主学习能力的培养,合理规范行为习惯。     

论科技查新中的新颖性

本文从对查新工作中新颖性的认识基点出发，谈论了提升自主创新评价基础的完善因素。运用科学方法强化科技查新工作，能够对查新技术项目所述技术方案的未来发展的成果趋势以及价值程度。进行较为科学的预测评估和判断。     

20世纪后期我国电话交换机技术创新过程模式研究

本文回顾了20世纪后半期我国电话交换机制造业的三个发展时期，论证了其技术演化方式符合Roth-well提出的第一至第三代技术创新过程模式特征，讨论了在上述三个时期所采取的不同创新过程模式的合理性。建议程控交换机制造企业应突破传统创新过程模式的束缚，直接采用第五代技术创新过程模式，增强自主创新能力。     

Japanese Conceptions of Privacy: An Intercultural Perspective

This paper deals with intercultural aspects of privacy, particularly with regard to important differences between Japanese and the Western views. This paper is based on our discussions with Rafael Capurro – a dialogue now represented by two separate but closely interrelated articles. The companion paper is broadly focused on the cultural and historical backgrounds of the concepts of privacy and individualism in “Western” worlds; our main theme focuses on different concepts of privacy in Japan and their sources in related aspects of Japanese culture. The interrelationship between our two papers is apparent in our taking up identical or similar topics in each paper. Reading our two papers in conjunction with each other will bring about deeper and broader insights into the diverse values and worldviews of Japan and Western cultures that underlie concepts of privacy that at a surface level appear to be similar     

中国与瑞典的高校教师压力成因比较

我国高校教师压力随着经济实力的增长，和教学改革的推进而不断增大，原因来自于社会、学校和自身各方面，本文主要通过与瑞典高校教师的压力的比较，吸取国外优秀的经验，解决我国对前存在的教师压力问题。