滇产草果的精油成分

研究了滇产１６个草果（Ａｍｏｍｕｍｔｓａｏ－ｋｏ）样品,测定了干果及茎叶的精油含量。干果的精油含量在１．５６％～１．７４％之间,茎叶的精油含量为０．０８５％～０．１１％。从它们的精油中鉴定了近８０种化学成分,主要是１,８－桉油素、柠檬醛、香叶醇、反－２－十一烯醛、２－癸烯醛、β－蒎烯等     

Anticonflict effects of rose oil and identification of its active constituents

The present study investigates the pharmacologically active constituents of rose oil, which possesses anti-conflict effects. Analysis using GC/MS revealed that rose oil contains 9 substances that were identified as myrcene, benzyl alcohol, 2-phenethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, citronellyl acetate, eugenol, geranyl acetate and methyl eugenol. We examined the effects of each of these substances using the Geller and Vogel conflict tests in ICR mice. Myrcene, benzyl alcohol and citronellyl acetate did not produce any effects in either tests. Geranyl acetate and methyl eugenol produced no effect in the Geller conflict test. Geraniol and eugenol decreased the response rate during the safe period of the Geller conflict test, but did not affect the response rate during the alarm period. In contrast, 2-phenethyl alcohol and citronellol, like rose oil, produced an increasing effect on the response rate during the alarm period in the Geller conflict test. In addition, both chemicals increased the number of electric shocks mice received in the Vogel conflict test in a manner similar to that of rose oil. Given that 2-phenethyl alcohol and citronellol produced the same anti-conflict effects in both tests as rose oil, we concluded that they are the pharmacologically active constituents of anti-anxiety-like effect of rose oil.     

龙眼的化学成分与药理活性研究

龙眼是一种应用价值很高的传统中药,含有很多重要成分,比如多糖、脂类、多元酚、黄酮类等,传统中医认为龙眼有补益心脾、止痛消肿之功,近年来的研究发现它还有抗癌、抗衰老、抗氧化和免疫调节的作用。本文从龙眼肉、龙眼核两个角度,针对鉴别、化学成分、药理活性等方面,将近年来国内外的研究成果综合分析,并提出对龙眼远大开发前景的展望。     

上新世云南铁杉木化石的化学成分

为了研究在褐煤中发现的上新世云南铁杉(Pliocene Tsuga dumosa)木化石的化学成分,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术和柱层析方法分别检测了22个挥发性成分和分离鉴定了9个化合物(1-9),化学成分类型包括烷烃(C16-C32)、脂肪酸、甾体、三萜、邻苯二甲酸酯及酚性成分。化合物结构采用波谱方法鉴定。     

Chemical Constituents of the Fssential Oils from the Leaves of Laurus nobilis and Tendency in Changes of the Constituents Month by Month

The chemical constituents of the essential oils from the leaves of Laurus nobilis L., have been identified both by capillary GC-MS and fused silica capillary GC Kovats retention in,lex of components. From laurel leaf oil, 45 compounds have been identified, among which, 19 compounds such as 1,4-cineole, sabinene hydrate etc. have not been found in the leaf oil previously. This paper studies systematically the constituents of essential oil from dry, fresh leaves, and those of annual, perennial, different district, and reported the changes of the chemical constituents month by month. Results showed that the yield of essential oil and 1,8-cineole content is the highest in July.     

金针菇栽培基质组分的降解及相关酶活的变化

研究了金针菇三明1号、16号、杂交19号在棉籽壳-麦麸基质上生长期间基质中主要化学组分及相关酶活的变化,以及低温刺激对子实体形成生长阶段胞外酶活性、菇的发生及菇外观的影响。结果表明：三明1号具有微弱的降解木质素的能力;基质组分降解速率的变化与胞外酶活性具有一定的对应关系：菇外观的优劣在一定程度上与菇蕾发生后菌的代谢活动能力的强弱有关;低温刺激增加了三明1号菇曹发生后胞外酶活性、使之表现出良好的诺外观,而对杂交19号的菇外观无明显影响。     

天然樟脑和芳樟醇的新资源植物

本文报道了湖北樟的分类位置、地理分布、生态环境及其叶油化学成分。其鲜叶出油率为1.7ml/100g,主要成分樟脑含量高达88.46%。湖北产芳樟和黄樟的鲜叶出油率均高达3.1ml/100g,主成分芳樟醇含量分別为89.59%和81.41%。     

金花茶花化学成分的研究

采用反复硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法、ODS柱色谱法、反复重结晶等方法对金花茶花的化学成分进行分离纯化,并通过理化常数测定和波谱分析等方法进行结构鉴定.从金花茶花的乙醇提取物中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为:槲皮素(1)、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(...     

咖啡化学成分与健康

咖啡数百年来一直作为功能饮料因而被称作第一饮品。咖啡的化学成分及其生物活性备受人们关注,本文仅对咖啡化学成分的特点及其一些主要成分的结构类型和生物活性、咖啡化学成分研究的新方法等进行了简要评论。     

裂叶独活和长裂叶独活的化学成分及其分类学意义

从裂叶独活Ｈｅｒａｃｌｅｕｍ ｍｉｌｌｅｆｏｌｉｕｍ Ｄｉｅｌｓ和长裂叶独活Ｈｍｉｌｌｅｆｏｌｉｕｎ Ｄｉｅｌｓ ｖａｒ．ｌｏｎｇｉｌｏｂｕｍ Ｎｏｒｍａｎ根的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了１１个化合物,分别为：佛手柑内酯（ｂｅｒｇａｐｔｅｎ）,异虎耳草素（ｉｓｏｐｉｍｐｉｎｅｌｌｉｎ）,当归素（ａｎｇｅｌｉｃｉｎ）,异佛手柑内酯（ｉｓｏｂｅｒｇａｐｅｔｅｎ）,６－甲氧基当归素（ｓｐｈｏｎｄｉｎ）,虎耳草