磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜分阶段疗法在大面积烧伤中的应用

目的:观察2008年1月至2010年12月期间98例TBSA大于35%的烧伤病人创面联合应用磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜的疗效.方法:以同期76例应用碘伏的病人作为对照,两组病人的平均年龄、烧伤面积、Ⅲ度面积无显著差别,用药方式均以半暴露为主.结果:磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜组能显著增加细菌转阴率,减少抗生素应用时间及植皮手术次数,缩短愈合时间.结论:磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜较碘伏能显著增加抗感染能力,有利于肉芽创面形成,为自行愈合或再次手术打下良好基础,值得应用.     

新抗生素莫西沙星国内外研究应用最新进展

莫西沙星(moxifloxacin)属第四代氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物。莫西沙星通过抑制细菌的DNA螺旋酶A亚单位和拓扑异构酶IV的活性,阻断DNA的复制,从而发挥杀菌作用。对革兰阴性菌、阳性菌均有强大的抗菌能力,对支原体、衣原体、军团菌有效,对厌氧菌感染有效,尤其对某些临床常见的耐药菌有效。临床应用莫西沙星治疗社区获得性肺炎、急性细菌性鼻窦炎、泌尿生殖系感染、继发性腹膜炎、肺结核的早期及延长早期间治疗、强直性脊椎炎和皮肤、皮下组织感染的治疗。     

Photo-enhancement of macrophage phagocytic activity via Rac1-mediated signaling pathway: Implications for bacterial infection

Phagocytosis and the subsequent destruction of invading pathogens by macrophages are indispensable steps in host immune responses to microbial infections. Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) has been found to exert photobiological effects on immune responses, but the signaling mechanisms underlying this photobiomodulation of phagocytosis remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that LPLI enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages by stimulating the activation of Rac1. The overexpression of constitutively activated Rac1 clearly enhanced LPLI-induced phagocytosis, whereas the overexpression of dominant negative Rac1 exerted the opposite effect. The phosphorylation of cofilin was involved in the effects of LPLI on phagocytosis, which was regulated by the membrane translocation and activation of Rac1. Furthermore, the photoactivation of Rac1 was dependent on the Src/PI3K/Vav1 pathway. The inhibition of the Src/PI3K pathway significantly suppressed LPLI-induced actin polymerization and phagocytosis enhancement. Additionally, LPLI-treated mice exhibited increased survival and a decreased organ bacterial load when challenged with Listeria monocytogenes, indicating that LPLI enhanced macrophage phagocytosis in vivo. These findings highlight the important roles of the Src/PI3K/Vav1/Rac1/cofilin pathway in regulating macrophage phagocytosis and provide a potential strategy for treating phagocytic deficiency via LPLI.     

双歧杆菌对免疫抑制小鼠白色念珠菌感染的保护作用

为探讨双歧杆菌对白色念珠菌感染的保护作用,作者采用环磷酰胺腹腔注射方法复制了免疫抑制小鼠模型,研究白色念珠菌感染前后两歧双歧杆菌灌饲的保护作用。结果表明：白色念珠菌感染前灌饲两歧双歧杆菌能有效地抑制白色念珠菌在小鼠肠道中的定植,并且保护肠粘膜的完整性。对其机理的研究认为,两歧双歧杆菌可能是通过调整肠道菌群平衡、增加肠道中生理菌群的数量、降低肠道ｐＨ值、以及产生抗菌物质等途径发挥保护作用     

生态制剂用于烧伤大鼠局部抗感染的初步观察

本实验使用皮肤常住菌分离株,筛选驯化后成为无毒菌株,经冷冻干燥后,制备成生态制备膏霜,涂于已被烧伤大鼠表面,2h后接种绿脓杆菌(10~9CFu/ml)或金黄色葡萄球菌(10~9CFu/ml),并以空白膏霜涂抹作为对照组,观察其抗感染作用,发现拮抗作用自48h始,痴上绿脓杆菌菌数由1.08×10~(11)CFu/g降至6.51×10~(10)CF/g,痂下由1.12×10~(11)至7.77×10~9CFu/g。至72 h拮抗作明显,痴上绿脓杆菌4.69×10~(10)至2.08×10~8,痂下为1.65×10~(10)至4.5×10~8。感染金黄色葡萄球菌从10~(10)CFu/g到10~8CFu/g,72h后便降至1.02—7.83×10~6CFu/g,并一定程度阻止了感染的细菌入血,而对肠道细菌迁移无作用。     

酶联免疫斑点法的研究进展

酶联免疫斑点技术(ELISOP)在目前已经被广泛应用在生物学领域。较为详细地从原理、发展简史、操作步骤、优缺点及应用、展望阐述了酶联免疫斑点技术。     

家蚕抗菌肽CD高效表达及其抗BmNPV感染作用

通过大肠杆菌JM109诱导家蚕,提取其脂肪体总mRNA后,通过RT-PCR得到cDNA,根据GenBank上家蚕抗菌肽CecropinD的cDNA序列,设计并合成引物,然后PCR扩增得到CecropinD肽基因并克隆到pGEM-T载体中,经过EcoRΙ和XhoI酶切,连接并将CecropinD肽基因插入pET32a表达载体中。用重组质粒pET32a-ecropinD转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下,融合蛋白Trx-CecropinD以可溶形式得到高效表达,经SDS-PAGE检测显示分子量为23kDa与预期大小相符,表达量约为总蛋白的30%。融合蛋白经Ni2 柱纯化后通过肠激酶切割后释放为Trx(18kDa)和CecropinD(5kDa),最后通过超滤管分离得到重组抗菌肽。通过抑菌实验测得重组CecropinD对于革兰氏阴性及阳性菌均有抑菌活性。并将重组CecropinD与家蚕病毒BmNPV作用混合4h后,一起投喂家蚕,发现病毒感染力有明显降低,说明其有抗病毒感染作用。     

对虾白斑综合症病毒囊膜蛋白VP19的融合表达及其抗病毒感染作用

根据GenBank上WSSV囊膜蛋白基因vp19的序列,设计并合成引物,PCR扩增得到vp19基因并克隆到pGEM‐T载体中,经过BamHⅠ/HindⅢ酶切、连接并将vp19插入到pET32b表达载体中。用重组质粒pET32b-vp19转化大肠杆菌Origam(iDE3)pLysS,在IPTG诱导下,融合蛋白Trx-VP19以可溶性的形式得到表达,经SDS-PAGE和Western-blot检测显示其分子量与预期的大小相符合。目的蛋白经Ni2 柱纯化并定量后分别直接注射鳌虾和包被饲料投喂鳌虾。实验结果表明注射Trx-VP19可以提高鳌虾个体抗WSSV感染力的作用。     

肛周脓肿合并糖尿病64例治疗体会

目的探讨肛周脓肿合并糖尿病的有效治疗方法。方法对64例肛周脓肿合并糖尿病患者给予胰岛素控制血糖，局部切开引流，抗生素治疗，中药坐浴，营养支持对症治疗。结果64例全部治愈，2例复发再次入院，治愈时间26～64d。结论综合降糖、手术、应用抗生素，是治疗肛周脓肿合并糖尿病的有效方法。     

Therapeutic effect of autologous bone marrow stem cell mobilization combined with anti-infective therapy on moyamoya disease

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to explore the therapeutic effect of autologous bone marrow stem cell (ABMSC) mobilization combined anti-infection therapy on patients with moyamoya disease (MMD), and to provide reference for the clinical treatment of MMD and cerebrovascular disease.Methods54 adult patients with MMD diagnosed in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were chosen as research objects. All patients were randomly divided into study group (SG) and control group (CG), with 27 patients in each group. Patients in both groups received conventional drug treatment after diagnosis of MMD, and received dura turnover of brain - temporal muscle - superficial temporal artery application surgery during indirect vascular reconstruction. On the basis of surgical treatment, patients in the SG were given ABMSC mobilization combined with low-dose dexamethasone for anti-inflammatory and anti-infection treatment. ABMSCs were mobilized by recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-csF) and recombinant human granulocyte - macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhoM-esF). The therapeutic effects of the patients were evaluated BF, one month after treatment (AF), three months AF, and six months AF. The number of hematopoietic stem cells (HpCs) and inflammatory indicators were compared between the two groups before and 4 weeks AF.ResultsFirstly, the Barthcl index of patients in the two groups showed a gradual increase trend at the 3rd and 6th months AF, and the ascensional range in the research group was higher than that in the CG (P < 0.05). Secondly, at the 3rd and 6th month AF, national institute of heath stroke scale (NIHSS) scores of patients in the CG were lower than those before treatment (BF), and there was an important change in NIHSS scores between the two groups at the same period (P < 0.05). Thirdly, after 1 month of treatment and 3 months of treatment, Chinese stroke scale (CSS) scores of patients in both groups decreased obviously compared with those BF, and the SG was lower than the CG, with statistical changes (P < 0.05). Fourthly, after 4 weeks of treatment, the hematopoietic stem cell counts in both groups were higher than those BF, and the hematopoietic stem cell counts in the SG were obviously higher than those in the CG (P < 0.05). All three inflammatory indicators were improved compared with those BF, and the SG was better than the CG (P < 0.05).ConclusionAutogenous bone marrow stem cell mobilization combined with dexamethasone anti-inflammation and anti-infection treatment after revascularization in patients with MMD can accelerate the recovery of nerve function and promote the formation of new blood vessels. At the same time, it can reduce inflammation and improve patients' quality of life, which is worthy of clinical reference.