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1.
炭疽病是橡胶树上一种重要的叶部病害,主要病原有胶孢炭疽菌和尖孢炭疽菌。为了解中国各植胶区炭疽菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性,采用生长速率法室内测定来自海南、云南、广东和广西4省(区)22株橡胶树胶孢炭疽病菌和15株尖孢炭疽菌对咪鲜胺的敏感性。结果表明:供试的37株橡胶炭疽病菌菌株对咪鲜胺的EC_(50)值为0.022 0~0.272 1 mg/L,平均为(0.061 7±0.055 4)mg/L,EC_(50)最大值是最小值的12.5倍。其中89.2%参试菌株的EC_(50)值介于0~0.100 0 mg/L。根据成组t检验分析结果表明,目前中国4个植胶区的2种橡胶炭疽病菌对咪鲜胺敏感性无明显差异。除了来自海南和云南地区的尖孢炭疽菌有显著性差异外,其他来自不同省份的胶孢炭疽菌和尖孢炭疽菌对咪鲜胺敏感性均无明显差异。研究显示中国橡胶炭疽菌对咪鲜胺仍具有较高的敏感性,但菌株间敏感性有一定的差异,存在一定的潜在抗性风险。 相似文献
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3.
陕西省木本植物炭疽菌分类研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
报导了发生在陕西省木本植物上的炭疽菌属ColletotrichumCorda3个种,其中包括1个中国新纪录种,即:胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichumgloeoporioides(Penz)。Sacc,壳皮炭疽菌Colletotrichumcrassipes(Speg.)Arx和梭孢炭疽菌ColletotrichumacutatumSimmonds(中国新纪录种)。 相似文献
4.
Detection of Colletotrichum coccodes from soil and potato tubers by conventional and quantitative real-time PCR 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Colletotrichum coccodes is the causal agent of the potato blemish disease black dot. Two PCR primer sets were designed to sequences of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) regions for use in a nested PCR. The genus-specific outer primers (Cc1F1/Cc2R1) were designed to regions common to Colletotrichum spp., and the species-specific nested primers (Cc1NF1/Cc2NR1) were designed to sequences unique to C . coccodes . The primer sets amplified single products of 447 bp (Cc1F1/Cc2R1) and 349 bp (Cc1NF1/Cc2NR1) with DNA extracted from 33 European and North American isolates of C. coccodes. The specificity of primers Cc1NF1/Cc2NR1 was confirmed by the absence of amplified product with DNA of other species representing the six phylogenetic groups of the genus Colletotrichum and 46 other eukaryotic and prokaryotic plant pathogenic species. A rapid procedure for the direct extraction of DNA from soil and potato tubers was used to verify the PCR assay for detecting C. coccodes in environmental samples. The limit of sensitivity of PCR for the specific detection of C. coccodes when inoculum was added to soils was 3·0 spores per g, or the equivalent of 0·06 microsclerotia per g soil, the lowest level of inoculum tested. Colletotrichum coccodes was also detected by PCR in naturally infested soil and from both potato peel and peel extract from infected and apparently healthy tubers. Specific primers and a TaqMan fluorogenic probe were designed to perform quantitative real-time (TaqMan) PCR to obtain the same levels of sensitivity for detection of C. coccodes in soil and tubers during a first-round PCR as with conventional nested PCR and gel electrophoresis. This rapid and quantitative PCR diagnostic assay allows an accurate estimation of tuber and soil contamination by C. coccodes . 相似文献
5.
D. Sivakumar R. S. Wilson Wijeratnam M. Abeyesekere R. L. C. Wijesundera 《Phytoparasitica》2002,30(1):43-51
Botryodiplodia theobromae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides andGliocephalotrichum microchlamydosporum are the causal fungi of the rambutan postharvest diseases stem-end rot, anthracnose and brown spot, respectively. Two different
treatments of rambutan fruits(Nephelium lappaceum) against the three pathogens were compared: potassium metabisulphite (250 ppm) or cinnamaldehyde (30 ppm), each combined withTrichoderma harzianum (TrH 40). The application of TrH 40 and potassium metabisulphite effectively controlled the incidence and severity of the
three postharvest diseases and maintained the overall quality and color of the fruit under low temperature storage at 13.5°C
and 95% r.h. for 18 days. The greatest effect of this treatment was shown onG. microchlamydosporum. Cinnamaldehyde affected the growth and germination of TrH 40, whereas potassium metabisulphite did not.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 4, 2001. 相似文献
6.
芒果叶片生化特性与炭疽病发生的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了芒果叶片生化特性与炭疽病发生之间的关系。田间自然发病调查和室内人工接种鉴定结果均表明,随着芒果叶片由最初的古铜色向淡绿色和深绿色叶片的逐渐成熟老化,抗病性逐渐增强。对芒果叶片表面蜡质层和叶内可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、总酚含量及细胞膜相对透性的测定结果表明,与淡绿色叶片和老叶相比较,古铜色叶片含有较少的表面蜡质、叶内可溶性糖和总酚含量及较多的游离氨基酸,推断古铜色叶片对病害的易感性可能与其叶面蜡质和叶内总酚含量较少、叶内可溶性糖和游离氨基酸的比值(C/N比)较低有关。 相似文献
7.
Seiju Ishikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(5):249-255
Simple diagnosis by ethanol immersion (SDEI) to detect Glomerella cingulata was used to detect three other fungi that also cause latent infection of strawberry plants. Signs on strawberry leaves with asymptomatic latent infection by Colletotrichum acutatum became visible using SDEI. Salmon-pink conidial masses were produced in the acervuli on the treated leaves 5 days after incubation at 28°C. In the case of Dendrophoma obscurans, pycnidia with amber conidial masses formed 5 days after incubation at 28°C. The pycnidia were observed mainly on the ribs, and conidial masses exuded from the ostiole. These macroscopic conidial masses were similar to those of G. cingulata and C. acutatum. When water was dripped onto a lesion caused by D. obscurans, the pycnidia exuded white filamentous conidial masses, making the distinction of D. obscurans from G. cingulata or C. acutatum. On petioles with latent infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, white aerial hyphae grew out from the vascular tissues on the cut surface 3 days after incubation at 28°C and were easily observed by eye or with a loupe. Thus, SDEI was also useful for diagnosing latent infection of strawberry plants by C. acutatum, D. obscurans, and F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. 相似文献
8.
为了获得小叶九里香枝干中抑制炭疽病菌的活性成分,在活性追踪指导下,利用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱及半制备液相色谱等方法对小叶九里香枝干进行了研究。经追踪分离鉴定到1个活性化合物XY-01,利用质谱、核磁共振谱鉴定化合物为九里香甲碱(Koenidine),该化合物可有效抑制香蕉炭疽病菌和芒果炭疽病菌的生长,EC50值分别为34.28和45.88μg/mL,表明九里香甲碱抑菌活性较好、结构简单,具有开发为新型植物源杀菌剂的潜在价值,九里香甲碱系首次从小叶九里香中分离得到。 相似文献
9.
由交链格孢菌Alternaria alternata和胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides侵染引起的柑桔褐斑病和炭疽病是重庆万州地区红桔的主要真菌病害。为筛选适合万州地区发展的柑桔品种,采用离体叶片室内人工接种和病情指数抗性评价方法探讨了16份宽皮柑桔种质对柑桔褐斑病菌和炭疽病菌的抗性。结果表明:对于柑桔褐斑病菌,不知火桔橙、W?默科特、春见桔橙和温州蜜柑为高抗种质;对于柑桔炭疽病菌,不知火桔橙、W?默科特、蔓生红桔和苏红为高抗种质。综合考虑,重庆万州地区可选择抗病性较强的鹅蛋红桔、福桔、安江红桔、不知火桔橙和W?默科特等宽皮柑桔进行品种替换和提升。 相似文献
10.