不对称还原苯乙酮酸甲酯的生物转化菌种选育及条件优化

选用酵母菌、乳酸菌、粪链球菌、假丝酵母等4个种属共15株菌株,研究其对苯乙酮酸甲酯的不对称还原催化特性.以具有R(-)-扁桃酸甲酯较高转化活力的菌株S.cNo.1、S.cNo.3、S.cNo.9作为出发菌株,采用紫外与微波复合诱变的方法,筛选获得S.c3.5.16突变株.考察培养温度、pH值对该突变株转化活力的影响,结果表明,S.c3.5.16菌株的R(-)-扁桃酸甲酯生物转化最适反应条件为培养基pH6.5、温度38℃,苯乙酮酸甲酯转化为扁桃酸甲酯的得率达到99.3%,R(-)-扁桃酸的光学纯度达到95.5%e.e..     

Trail-following responses ofLeptogenys diminuta to stereoisomers of 4-methyl-3-heptanol

Behavioral tests carried out with the four stereoisomers of 4-methyl-3-heptanol revealed thatLeptogenys diminuta ants respond specifically only to the (3R, 4S)-isomer.     

SU(N)超弦前子最大模型的探讨

本文在超对称和渐近自由要求下,构造了具有代复制机制的SU(N)最大超弦前子模型,给出四代复合轻子夸克。     

Enatioselective[2 2 2] Cycloaddition as A Synthetic Tool

1 Results Transition metal-catalyzed [2 2 2] cycloaddition is one of the most efficient protocols for the construction of six-membered ring system.Our group has comprehensively studied various types of highly enantioselective [2 2 2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of chiral cycloadducts; we already reported an iridium-catalyzed intermolecular [2 2 2] cycloaddition between α,ω-diynes,having various tethers and substituents on the alkyne termini,and monoalkynes,possessing oxygen or/and nitrogen functiona...     

Probing the Intact Cluster Catalysis Concept by Tetrahedral Clusters With Framework Chirality

In order to bring evidence for or against the hypothesis of catalytic hydrogenation by intact trinuclear arene ruthenium clusters containing an oxo cap, the substrate being hydrogenated inside the hydrophobic pocket spanned by the three arene ligands （“supramolecular cluster catalysis”）, we synthesized cationic Ru30 clusters （See Fig. 1） with three different arene ligands （intrinsically chiral tetrahedra）.     

有机手性分子器件的光电特性

目前多种有机手性分子器件虽已研制成功,但其内在的物理机理仍有许多未解之谜,其中手性分子的圆二色性精细结构、手性诱导的自旋选择效应等是有机手性分子研究的核心。为设计基于手性的新型有机功能器件提供理论指导,考虑有机手性分子螺旋势场诱导的自旋-轨道耦合,围绕分子的光电特性及其调控展开了系列研究。根据光致跃迁理论,得到手性分子的光吸收谱和圆二色谱,发现光吸收峰发生劈裂,圆二色谱由轨道磁矩和自旋磁矩共同贡献。此外,从极化子输运的图像解释了手性诱导自旋选择效应的来源,并利用其电输运特性,设计了手性异质结器件,发现其手性电阻可达7%,整流比达48。     

Chiral influence of sex pheromonal substances on responses of the male American cockroach

Summary In order to elucidate the roles of optical enantiomers of sex pheromonal substances of the American cockroach, behavioral assays with a single enantiomer and with mixtures of enantiomers of sex pheromone mimics were carried out. Inactive enantiomers [(–)-enantiomers] had no influence on the potency of enantiomers active as sex pheromones [(+)-enantiomers]. By analysis of the results from EAG recordings with single and mixed sample of the enantiomers, it was confirmed that (–)-enantiomers did not react with the sex pheromone receptors which are responsive to (+)-enantiomers.We acknowledge technical assistance from Miss R. Kimura.     

湍流场中涡线单元的结构分析

与描述湍流速度场的流线管单元[Wang L. On properties of fluid turbulence along streamlines. J Fluid Mech,2010, 648:183–203]的思想类似,为了描述湍流涡矢量场的结构,我们提出了一种新的结构分析方法,即涡线单元,可以用单元尺度和极值点涡量差值来表征.涡线单元与常用的涡管结构的不同可以概括为:涡线单元结构可以定量描述,并且是全空间填充的.在理论上这两个条件是保证我们可以将涡线单元的结构分析与全流场统计规律联系起来的必要前提,帮助理解和重构湍流涡量场.根据直接数值模拟数据,我们研究了涡线单元的统计与结构特性,包括尺度与手性等.根据涡线单元结构可以定量表征精细的条件统计,例如发现涡相关的动力学参数(例如拟涡能耗散率和涡拉伸率)强烈依赖于基于涡线单元结构的条件统计.这样一种结构分析方法为深入研究湍流场提供了新的手段.     

气相S-异亮氨酸向R-别异亮氨酸的旋光异构机理及水溶剂化效应

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,微扰理论的MP2方法及自洽反应场(SCRF)理论的SMD模型方法,研究气相S-异亮氨酸向R-别异亮氨酸的旋光异构机理及水溶剂化效应.结果表明:该反应有a,b,c 3个通道,在通道a和c实现旋光异构反应需经过3个基元反应,在通道b实现旋光异构反应需经过4个基元反应;a为主反应通道,决速步骤Gibbs自由能垒为255.0kJ/mol,由质子从α手性C向氨基N迁移的过渡态产生,决速步骤的反应速率常数为1.25×10-32 s~(-1);水溶剂效应使决速步骤能垒降至114.1kJ/mol,反应速率常数增至2.73×10-7 s~(-1),即水环境对S-异亮氨酸旋光异构具有较好的催化作用.     

基于氨基作为质子迁移桥梁的蛋氨酸分子旋光异构机理

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法和微扰理论的MP2方法,研究两种最稳定构型的蛋氨酸分子(Met)基于氨基作为质子迁移桥梁的旋光异构反应.结果表明:基于氨基作为质子迁移桥梁的蛋氨酸分子旋光异构反应有2条通道a和b;构型1的主反应通道为通道a,决速步骤为第1基元反应,自由能垒为264.2kJ/mol,由质子从手性C直接向氨基N迁移的过渡态产生;构型2的主反应通道也为通道a,决速步骤为第2基元反应,自由能垒为266.1kJ/mol,由羧基异构后质子从手性C向氨基N迁移的过渡态产生;两种构型的Met分子旋光异构速控步骤的反应速率常数分别为3.04×10~(-34),1.41×10~(-34) s~(-1).