试论满族民歌的体裁划分及音乐特征

满族民歌是满族音乐的重要组成部分,它在题材、体裁、内容和风格等方面,都显示出独特的魅力,体现了满族人民的多彩生活。本文从满族民歌的体裁划分和音乐特征两个方面对满族民歌的产生、发展以及音乐内涵进行分析和阐述。     

绘画艺术对多媒体技术在外语课堂教学中有效运用的启示

主要针对多媒体技术辅助课堂教学运用的现状和存在的问题,讨论绘画艺术的三种主义流派：野兽主义流派、立体主义流派、后现代主义流派,对于多媒体辅助教学的启发以及解决问题的对策。     

中文文本体裁分类中特征选择的研究

针对文本体裁自动分类在特征选择和权重计算方面的特殊性,提出文本的内容类别信息,改进传统特征选择方法CHI以及权重计算公式tf.idf,并运用支持向量机在含5类体裁的语料上进行中文文本体裁自动分类。实验结果表明,该方案是可行的。     

A Genre-Aware Approach to Focused Crawling

Focused crawlers have as their main goal to crawl Web pages that are relevant to a specific topic or user interest, playing an important role for a great variety of applications. In general, they work by trying to find and crawl all kinds of pages deemed as related to an implicitly declared topic. However, users are often not simply interested in any document about a topic, but instead they may want only documents of a given type or genre on that topic to be retrieved. In this article, we describe an approach to focused crawling that exploits not only content-related information but also genre information present in Web pages to guide the crawling process. This approach has been designed to address situations in which the specific topic of interest can be expressed by specifying two sets of terms, the first describing genre aspects of the desired pages and the second related to the subject or content of these pages, thus requiring no training or any kind of preprocessing. The effectiveness, efficiency and scalability of the proposed approach are demonstrated by a set of experiments involving the crawling of pages related to syllabi of computer science courses, job offers in the computer science field and sale offers of computer equipments. These experiments show that focused crawlers constructed according to our genre-aware approach achieve levels of F1 superior to 88%, requiring the analysis of no more than 65% of the visited pages in order to find 90% of the relevant pages. In addition, we experimentally analyze the impact of term selection on our approach and evaluate a proposed strategy for semi-automatic generation of such terms. This analysis shows that a small set of terms selected by an expert or a set of terms specified by a typical user familiar with the topic is usually enough to produce good results and that such a semi-automatic strategy is very effective in supporting the task of selecting the sets of terms required to guide a crawling process.     

基于连续小波和支持向量机分类音乐类型

音乐类型分类主要包括两个阶段：特征提取和分类。文中在研究小波变换理论基础上,采用连续小波分析方法提取音乐特征参数。支持向量机是专门针对有限样本情况下的一种分类方法。它是建立在统计学习理论的VC维理论和结构风险最小原理基础上,根据有限的样本信息在模型的复杂性和学习能力之间寻求最佳折衷,以期获得最好的推广能力。采用指数径向基函数（脚）内核,分类正确率可达85％,比传统的混合高斯模型和K近邻分类器,分类性能分别提高了21％和23％。实验结果表明,采用小波和支持向量机方法是一种相当有效的音乐类型分类方法。     

基于频谱增强和卷积宽度学习的音乐流派分类

针对频谱图对于音乐特征挖掘较弱、深度学习分类模型复杂且训练时间长的问题,设计了一种基于频谱增强和卷积宽度学习(CNNBLS)的音乐流派分类模型.该模型首先通过SpecAugment中随机屏蔽部分频率信道的方法增强梅尔频谱图,再将切割后的梅尔频谱图作为CNNBLS的输入,同时将指数线性单元函数(ELU)融合进CNNBLS的卷积层,以增强其分类精度.相较于其他机器学习网络框架, CNNBLS能用少量的训练时间获得较高的分类精度.此外, CNNBLS可以对增量数据进行快速学习.实验结果表明:无增量模型CNNBLS在训练400首音乐数据可获得90.06%的分类准确率,增量模型Incremental-CNNBLS在增加400首训练数据后可达91.53%的分类准确率.     

基于类型标志镜头与词袋模型的体育视频分类

基于内容的体育视频分类是高效管理大量体育视频数据的关键步骤之一,为提高体育视频分类方法的正确率及泛化能力,提出一种基于类型标志镜头与视觉词袋模型相结合的体育视频分类方法.首先给出类型标志镜头的定义,并通过类型标志镜头构建该镜头视频帧训练库;然后构建基于视频帧训练库的金字塔视觉词袋模型,将视频帧标志为归一化的词频向量,使用SVM对视频帧进行分类;再通过分析视频帧分类错误的原因及表现形式提出基于时序连续性孤立帧去除算法,以消除视频帧的错误归类.由于体育视频按组合类型可分为单一体育视频与混合体育视频,因此分别提出了单一体育视频及混合体育视频2种分类算法.实验结果表明,文中算法具有实现简单、处理速度快和准确度高的优点.     

Approaching Genre and Genre-based Pedagogies——A Non-native Foreign Language Teacher＇s Perspective

This paper first explores and discusses the meanings of terms ＂genre, genre analysis and genre-based pedagogies＂ based on the relevant literature, then summarizes and analyzes the criticisms on and arguments for genre-based pedagogies. It aims to identify the important role of genre-based approaches in foreign language instruction and some strategies in teaching.     

论环境建筑设计中的类型学

从当今环境建筑流派纷呈的演替与消退现象 ,引发出对类型学设计方法的思考 ,提出对设计中内在本质的 元 理论进行探讨 ,才能找到环境建筑创造中更具生命力的规律 .