A binary approximating method for graspable region determination of biped climbing robots

For a biped pole-climbing robot (BiPCR) with grippers, it is an essential demand to determine the target grasp configuration for climbing and transiting between poles, with the graspable region as a priori knowledge. The graspable region on the target pole is critically important for climbing path planning and motion control. To efficiently compute the graspable region for a BiPCR, we propose a novel binary approximating method in this paper. This method may also be applied to generate the three-dimensional (3-D) workspace of a manipulator with constant orientation. The grasping problem and the concept of graspable region for a BiPCR are first introduced. The binary approximating method and the corresponding algorithms are then presented to generate the graspable region. Additional constraints on a biped climbing robot with five degrees of freedom (DoFs) are presented as a supplement to the algorithm. A series of comprehensive simulations are conducted with the five-DoF and six-DoF climbing robots to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the dexterity of biped climbing robots with different DoFs is discussed.     

板式升膜蒸发器在离子膜烧碱中的应用

介绍了升膜蒸发的原理及影响传热量的因素。重点介绍了板式升膜蒸发器在离子膜烧碱蒸发系统中的应用情况及蒸发装置的特点。     

自动扫查爬壁机器人结构及控制系统研究

针对检测在役化工容器筒壁对接环焊的危害性缺陷，设计了一种基于超声串列法扫查法的新型爬壁机器人，着重介绍其机械结构及控制系统。这种机器人采用磁轮吸附和轮式行走，利用磁带导航，光纤传感器检测，具有结构紧凑，导航性能好，控制精度高等特点，有广泛的应用前景。     

Structure synthesis and statics analysis of a foldable stair

This paper proposes a foldable stair that can be deployed for use and folded for conservation and investigates the geometry and statics of the structure. It not only has the moving flexibility of a mechanism but also has the high stiffness and high strength of statically indeterminate structures. The primary linkage is a deployable scissor-like element which forms the staircase after expanding. This paper starts with the analysis of the geometry of planar four- and six-bar mechanisms and processes to synthesize the foldable stair and then investigates its statics. The paper further investigates redundant inner forces of every link based on the second Castigliano theorem, develops a foldable stair model, assembles and manufactures. Working experiments verify the theoretical results and the outstanding advantages over the general fixed stairs.     

适于水下船体的爬壁机器人关键技术及其研究进展

水下船体表面清刷和检测为爬壁机器人开辟了新的应用领域,其特点是机械本体稳定地吸附在水下船体表面上,同时能够灵活地完成移动、转向、越障等行走功能,进而完成针对船体表面的检测、清刷等作业。文中重点介绍了几种水下船体作业的爬壁爬行机器人,并对机器人的吸附和行走两个关键技术进行了分析,总结了水下船体作业机器人研究中的一些难点问题及其发展趋势。     

电磁式爬壁机器人平台

本文介绍了一种新型电磁式爬壁机器人平台。机器人平台从客观需求出发,利用电磁铁可以吸附铁质物体的原理,实现机器人在铁质壁面上竖直攀爬。机器人平台以单片机为控制核心,控制四只仿生脚的行动和电磁铁的吸附,由无线控制器实现远程控制。平台搭载多种传感器,以检测机器人周围的环境状态,并应用无线传输技术,将传感器监测数据时时传回控制电脑。还可由电脑控制,利用机器人上加装的机械臂,完成简单操作。本项目作品可以应用于强热辐射、浓烟、污染气体等复杂环境的场所实施远程测控,也可以应用于船体、高炉检测等方面。     

A novel hybrid immune algorithm for global optimization in design and manufacturing

This paper presents a new hybrid optimization approach based on immune algorithm and hill climbing local search algorithm. The purpose of the present research is to develop a new optimization approach for solving design and manufacturing optimization problems. This research is the first application of immune algorithm to the optimization of machining parameters in the literature. In order to evaluate the proposed optimization approach, single objective test problem, multi-objective I-beam and machine-tool optimization problems taken from the literature are solved. Finally, the hybrid approach is applied to a case study for milling operations to show its effectiveness in machining operations. The results of the hybrid approach for the case study are compared with those of genetic algorithm, the feasible direction method and handbook recommendation.     

窄足爬坡机器人结构及控制电路设计

论述竞赛用窄足爬坡机器人的整体结构以及机器人控制系统硬件部分设计和部分功能的软件实现,结合竞赛要求完成窄足爬坡机器人整体设计安装,经过多次试验调试,机器人达到了完成上坡任务的最佳状态,试验结果表明系统设计的合理性和可行性。     

锅炉排管爬壁机器人姿态模糊控制的研究

本文针对锅炉排管爬壁机器人在现场工作和运行中出现的爬行不可靠现象,利用位移 传感器建立机器人的姿态传感系统,提出模糊辨识的方法将位移信号变换成机器人的姿态角 度,并由此确定机器人作业与运行的模糊控制策略,仿真验证了该方法能够提高作业效果, 保证运行的安全、可靠,并能保证一定的速度．     

基于有序爬山法的前向启发式搜索规划

根据快速前向启发式搜索规划器FF中放宽规划图和有利动作之间的关系,定义了状态适用度函数的概念,可对后继扩展状态的启发式估值进行快速近似的比较。在此基础上,结合增强型爬山法搜索后继状态的贪婪选择机制,提出了一种改进的局部搜索算法——有序爬山法,即根据状态适应度函数对所有待扩展的后继状态进行排序,并加入到扩展优先队列。在启发式估值阶段,适应度高的状态将被优先计算评估,有利于更快地发现较优状态,从而减少调用启发式估值程序的次数。通过在国际规划大赛基准测试领域的实验结果表明,该方法减少了搜索节点的数目和搜索时间,有效地提高了启发式搜索效率,而计算状态适应度及对状态进行排序的时间消耗几乎可以忽略,因此整体规划性能比FF有显著的提升。