电动自行车充电器自动检测系统设计

介绍了基于PC虚拟仪器和VB环境的电动自行车充电器自动检测系统，阐述了系统检测原理，硬件结构设计及应用软件的编制方法，文中还给出了一个实用的恒流放电电子负载电路。     

产品数据管理系统在绿色自行车设计中的应用

介绍自行车产品的研发设计,提出利用产品数据管理系统（PDM）进行绿色自行车产品设计的方案。     

基于GWO-SVM的下肢假肢穿戴者骑行相位识别

针对下肢假肢穿戴者骑行相位识别的问题,提出基于灰狼算法优化的支持向量机(GWO-SVM)分类模型. 建立下肢多源信息系统,采集膝关节、踝关节的加速度信号以及膝关节角度信号. 应用奇异值分解,对采集到的信号进行降噪处理. 在对信号进行降噪处理之后,为了避免单一信号不确定的影响,从数据冗余角度,选取各信号的特征点,开展归一化处理,组成多维特征向量,作为SVM分类模型的输入. 为了能够进一步提高分类精度,加强全局优化能力,利用GWO算法对核参数进行优化. 通过与PSO-SVM分类模型、GA-SVM分类模型对比表明,基于GWO优化的SVM分类模型对骑行相位的识别率为94%,高于其他方法优化的SVM分类模型.     

基于NN的无信号混合交通交叉口自行车冲突避让行为建模仿真

在我国城市无信号交叉口,自行车与混合交通流的其他车辆(如机动车、自行车、行人)的冲突避让行为,难以通过传统数学方法建立准确的仿真模型.本文在以往交叉口自行车微观模型基础上,采用冲突车辆与自行车的相对位置矢量、相对速度矢量以及期望速度与实际速度相对矢量作为输入,自行车二维空间加速度矢量作为双输出的神经网络建立数学模型.利用实地采集自行车-机动车冲突、自行车-自行车冲突和自行车-行人冲突样本数据,进行神经网络训练和仿真验证,并对骑车者性别、冲突车辆类型和冲突速度进行了模型灵敏度分析.结果表明,模型能较好地反映无信号交叉口自行车与其他车辆及障碍物的冲突避让行为.     

Path‐Tracking Control of a Riderless Bicycle Via Road Preview and Speed Adaptation

In this study, a genetic‐fuzzy control system is used to control a riderless bicycle where control parameters can adapt to the speed change of the bicycle. The equations of motion are developed for a bicycle with constraints of rolling‐without‐slipping contact condition between the wheels and ground. This controller consists of two loops: the inner is a roll‐angle‐tracking controller which generates steering torque to control the roll angle while guaranteeing the stability, and the outer is a path‐tracking controller which generates the reference roll angle for the inner loop. The inner loop is a sliding‐mode controller (SMC) designed on the basis of a linear model obtained from a system identification process. By defining a stable sliding surface of error dynamics and an appropriate Lyapunov function, the bicycle can reach the roll‐angle reference in a finite time and follow that reference without chattering. The outer loop determines the proper reference roll‐angle by using a fuzzy‐logic controller (FLC) in which previewing and tracking errors are taken into consideration. The robustness of the proposed controller against speed change and external disturbances is verified by simulations.     

论设计师的责任——从电动自行车的设计问题说开去

电动自行车的普及,给大家带来了方便,同时也给社会带来了不小的麻烦,例如安全问题、环境污染问题。作为电动自行车的设计者,设计师更应该为设计的产品引发的社会问题而负担起应有的责任,设计师更应该站在人性化的角度来思考和设计更好的产品。为人类创造一个良好的生存环境而做出自己的贡献。     

Naturalistic study of the risky situations faced by novice riders

This article sets out to identify the typical risky situations experienced by novice motorcyclists in the real world just after licensing. The procedure consists of a follow-up of six novices during their first two months of riding with their own motorbike instrumented with cameras. The novices completed logbooks on a daily basis in order to identify the risky situations they encountered, and were given face-to-face interviews to identify the context and their shortcomings during the reported events. Data show a large number of road configurations considered as risky by the riders (248 occurrences), especially during the first two weeks. The results revealed that a lack of hazard perception skills contributed to the majority of these incidents. These situations were grouped together to form clusters of typical incident scenarios on the basis of their similarities. The most frequent scenario corresponds to a lane change in dense traffic (15% of all incidents). The discussion shows how this has enhanced our understanding of novice riders’ behaviour and how the findings can improve training and licensing. Lastly, the main methodological limitations of the study and some guidelines for improving future naturalistic riding studies are presented.

Practitioner Summary:

This article aims to identify the risky situations of novice motorcyclists in real roads. Two hundred forty-eight events were recorded and 13 incident scenarios identified. Results revealed that a lack of hazard perception contributed to the majority of these events. The most frequent scenario corresponds to a lane change in dense traffic.     

自行车椭圆链轮传动机构的分析设计

分析了自行车的连续圆周运动不能使脚蹬力均匀变化的特性,对传统自行车的传动机构中存在的问题进行了改进。本文基于人机工程学原理用椭圆链轮代替主动圆链轮作为自行车的不等速传动装置,对该传动机构进行了优化,克服了自行车传动过程中出现的缺点,能最大限度的发挥人体结构的用力功能,从而推广了自行车的新应用。     

自行车转速里程表的设计

为了实现自行车的智能化和娱乐化,以AT89S52单片机和霍尔传感器为核心设计了一种里程表.利用直流电机旋转来模拟车速,通过H桥驱动,将不同转速转变成的不同频率的脉冲信号以外部中断形式输入至单片机,并将所得数据存储到芯片24c02中,采用LCD液晶显示总里程、定时里程、平均速度、瞬时速度、加速度及秒表定时时间.     

应用人机工学的平蹬摆式自行车开发研究

骑乘舒适、操控科学、使用便捷、运动可持续,一直是困扰人们骑乘自行车之一大难题。基于人机工学原理解读这一难题反映的诸多因素,从人的因素影响、骑行时的疲劳等问题切入,剖析问题根源与症结。以人机工学理论为依据,对其进行全方位综合研究,另辟蹊径,开发研制出独具特色之专利产品:从传动原理到结构形式都与众不同之新型自行车——PB-A型低座平蹬摆式自行车。陈述了该自行车的设计思路、结构组成与特点等。