复杂背景中移动目标的快速识别与跟踪

本文提出一种基于差值的在复杂背景中快速识别和跟踪移动目标的方法。文章总结了关于移动物体连续两帧图像的特点，在图像对比中利用它们空间位移上的相对变化，确定了一套实用的算法，并在程序中改进了像素灰度的读取方式，从而使整套方法显得更加切实而有效。实验表明，本文算法在复杂背景下．对于移动目标识别快速，跟踪准确，抗干扰能力强。     

Intercomparison of scanning probe microscopes

Comparison measurements on reference standards are reported in which 13 partners with different instruments took part. A set of prototype standards which had been produced and calibrated within a European project were used for the measurements. Here, results of measurements on a 240 nm step height standard and a two-dimensional lateral standard with a nominal pitch of 1 μm are reported.     

广东省地方教育立法：现状、比较与建议

加强地方教育立法是我国整个立法工作不可或缺的一部分。文章以广东省为例，对广东省教育法规体系建设的现状和现存的问题进行剖析，并与北京、上海等省市的地方教育立法内容现状进行比较研究，提出广东省教育教育法规体系建设的重点及策略。     

Decision support in early development phases—A case study from machine engineering

In the case study presented in this paper we consider early development phases of a mechanical product. We want to evaluate different concepts and decide which one(s) to pursue. A problem in early phases is that usually no test runs are available. In our case study, based on a standard, there are ways to compute the lifetime distributions of the components of the different concepts. Some parameters needed for these computations are not known precisely. Unfortunately, the lifetime distributions of the components are highly sensitive to these parameters. Our approach is to equip these parameters with distributions. These distributions would be called prior distributions in Bayesian terminology, but no update is possible since no test runs are available. Our approach implies that the distribution of the system lifetime for each concept is random, i.e. we get random elements in the space of lifetime distributions. Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we demonstrate several ways to compare the random lifetime distributions of the concepts. Some of these comparisons use stochastic orderings. We also introduce a new stochastic ordering which is particularly suitable for reliability purposes. Our case study, consisting of three scenarios, allows us to demonstrate some conclusions that can be reached.     

Networks for sorting multitonic sequences

Lee and Batcher have designed networks that efficiently merge k separately provided sorted sequences of known lengths totalling n. We show that the design is still possible, and in fact easier to describe, if we do not make use of the lengths, or even the directions of monotonicity, of the individual sequences—the sequences can be provided in a single undelimited concatenation of length n. The depth of the simplest resulting network to sort sequences that are “k-tonic” and of length n is , generalizing Batcher's 1968 results for the extreme values of k (k=2 corresponding to merging, and k=n/2 corresponding to general sorting).The exposition is self-contained and can serve even as an introduction to sorting networks and Batcher's results.     

两种基于空间相关性的遥感亚像元分类制图方法对比分析

为了对比基于Hopfield Neural Network(HNN)和几何绘图的遥感亚像元分类制图方法的具体性能,验证空间相关性原理用于遥感亚像元定位的可行性。以一个研究区的TM影像为对象,通过利用HNN和几何亚像元制图方法,获得该区的亚像元定位结果,对比分析了各方法的视觉效果、精度和时间复杂度。结果表明:空间相关性特性在两种方法中得到了良好的体现,为后续亚像元制图研究应用提供参考。     

柔性大波纹管换热器的阻垢自清洗特性实验研究

对柔性大波纹管、普通被纹管和光管换热器的阻垢性能和自清洗性能进行了实验对比。结果表明,柔性大波纹管比普通波纹管和光管结垢速度慢,稳定后传热系数高,其管内湍流程度较高,周期性的轴向流速脉动和管束自振动都明显阻碍了积垢的形成,其自清洗能力也高于普通光管,有利于延长换热器的使用寿命,且具有良好的强化传熱性能、阻垢和自清洗等性能,是一种石油化工工业中具有广泛应用前景的传热元件。     

Texaco与Shell煤气化工艺比较分析

煤气化技术对于促进煤炭的综合利用、改善当前资源紧缺状况,并减少环境污染具有重要的意义。阐述了Texaco和Shell煤气化的工艺流程,并对2种煤气化工艺进行了比较分析,找出各自的优缺点,为煤气化工艺的选择提供参考。     

BP神经网络训练算法的分析与比较

BP神经网络被广泛应用于模式识别、信号处理和自动控制等领域,其广泛性是由于它能实现任何连续映射,但由于BP网络训练所固有的复杂性,目前尚没有任何一种完全的算法能适用于任何BP网络的训练。本文介绍了MATLAB神经网络工具箱中各种训练算法的特点及其函数的参数形式,并对它们的收敛速度和内存消耗情况进行了比较,说明了其各自适用的网络。     

高职院校“订单式”人才培养模式之跨国比较

"订单式"人才培养模式,楔合了高职院校和用人企业在人才供需方面的共同利益点,是高职院校人才培养模式的未来发展方向,是解决高职学生就业的有力措施。本文通过对国内国外高职"订单式"人才培养模式比较,借鉴发达国家的成功经验,提供国内高职院校参考,以探索、创新出一条有中国特色的"订单式"人才培养模式的新路。