Fantasy,Pragmatism and Journalistic Socialisation: UK Journalism Students’ Aspirations and Motivations

ABSTRACT

Despite the sustained growth in journalism as a choice of degree path for young people, our understanding of students’ aspirations and motivations remains relatively underdeveloped. At the same time, journalism careers appear increasingly uncertain, as the industry responds to digitalisation and convergence. In this mixed-methods study – employing 35 interviews and a survey of 837 UK journalism students – we ask what areas of journalism do students aspire towards, how do they feel about their future career prospects, and what is motivating them to study journalism in the first place? We find that intrinsic motivations (calling and talent, dynamic job) prevail over public service ones, with students drawn to soft news beats over hard news. Aspirations are also strikingly gendered, opening up questions of journalism education in this process. We also find that while students articulate an aspirational career in respected media outlets, they are pragmatic about their immediate career prospects. Here, journalism education appears to play a significant role in socialising students towards careers beyond journalism. Findings are discussed in the light of ongoing debates around journalistic socialisation and the future of journalism.     

新闻翻译中异化和归化的运用

国内学界对韦努蒂的异化理论存在一定的误读,韦努蒂本人对此做了澄清并进一步修正了他的归化和异化的概念,使之更具科学性和合理性。本文追溯了韦努蒂在归化异化翻译观态度上的转变,在此基础上结合新闻翻译重新探讨了归化异化在新闻翻译中的运用,指出在新闻翻译中,归化和异化不是一对对立的概念,而是统一的,在一定程度上是相互重叠的,异化的翻译也需要落脚在归化通顺的语言上。     

英语新闻语篇汉译过程中衔接手段的转换

时下,国内报刊上刊载的英语新闻语篇译文越来越多。这些翻译来的新闻语篇是国内读者了解世界的重要窗口。但是,它们中很多都带有浓厚的“翻译腔”,影响了读者的阅读。这种“翻译腔”很大程度上是来源于对于英语新闻语篇中的衔接手段的机械的逐字翻译。英汉新闻语篇在衔接手段上存在相当大的区别,因此在翻译过程中必须根据区别来对衔接手段进行调整,从而使汉语译文和英文原文能够尽可能的接近,避免生硬的“翻译腔”。     

浅谈新闻专业教育如何应对当前就业形势

新闻专业的学生由于受到国家相关就业政策、高校扩招、新闻行业发展变革的影响,以及自身专业狭窄和综合素质不高的制约,他们的就业形势十分严峻。新闻专业教育要应对这一严峻的就业形势,须加强通识教育、培养特色人才以及着重培养学生的职业能力和职业精神。     

2001年度日本新闻协会奖略览

本文对获 2 0 0 1年新闻协会奖的三件作品获奖理由及获奖作品的产生过程作了详细介绍。从获奖者手记中 ,可以感受到获奖作品的分量及获奖者的不易。     

媒介是环境的产物——电视连续剧《走西口》之新闻叙事解读

电视连续剧《走西口》的新闻叙事表现出为革命办报、集中领导、秘密发行等特点,这些特点是当时革命环境下的产物,是革命媒介对当时生存环境的生态适应,是环境选择机制的结果。     

弥尔顿出版自由思想的局限性剖析

本文从自由主义新闻思潮发展史的层面 ,对弥尔顿出版自由思想的局限进行了简要剖析 ,并从思想渊源和现实层面对其原因进行了解释。弥尔顿的出版自由思想存在建制缺失、先验主义和非民主特征等局限 ,这些局限极大地削弱了其在自由主义新闻思潮发展史中的价值 ,在内涵与 1 8世纪和 1 9世纪的自由主义新闻思潮存在显著不同。     

Engaged Journalism and News Work: A Sociotechnical Analysis of Organizational Dynamics and Professional Challenges

ABSTRACT

Building upon the sociotechnical perspective presented by Lewis and Westlund (2015, “Actors, Actants, Audiences, and Activities in Cross-media News Work: A Matrix and a Research Agenda.” Digital Journalism 3 (1): 19–37. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.927986), this study examines organizational dynamics, technological affordances and professional challenges of engaged journalism practices by analyzing how Hearken, one of the most celebrated audience engagement companies, and its tools and services are being implemented in 15 U.S. news organizations. This framework identifies Hearken and organizations like it as important “external actors” providing technological “actants” that are shaping how newsrooms report the news by providing ways for audiences to be brought into producing the news, particularly during the earlier phases of the reporting process. Based on in-depth interviews, we find that nearly every news organization in our sample reports some measure of success by using Hearken for involving audience members throughout the production of news. At the same time, we also identify how this implementation is significantly shaped by organizational imperatives and the models particular organizations create for producing audience-centric news work. Ultimately, this study presents a partial update to the decades-long literature on participatory journalism by suggesting that engaged journalism practices actually create opportunities for meaningful audience involvement.     

Revisiting the Spheres of Public Discussion

When societal elites seem to be in consensus about a political issue, journalism traditionally takes on a more conservative role in organising public discussion. For an issue to become controversial in mainstream media, a crisis of some kind is often needed, followed by lack of consensus among the different elites. This article uses coverage of globalisation in Finland’s most influential newspaper to see if the theory of the spheres of public discussion can be applied to a particular journalistic culture. The model is used to see how media treat elite and non-elite actors who wish to participate in public discussion. In order to draw conclusions about how the media operate regarding giving voice to dissent or upholding the status quo in society, it is necessary to take into account the historical and social context of the relationship between a country’s media and the state.     

The role of a local newspaper after disaster: an intrinsic case study of Ishinomaki,Japan

The city of Ishinomaki in Miyagi prefecture was devastated by the tsunami that struck Japan’s North East Coast on 11 March 2011. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in Ishinomaki, which included interviews with senior journalists from the city’s two local newspapers, the Ishinomaki Hibi Shimbun and the Ishinomaki Kahoku, this paper presents an intrinsic case study of the role a local newspaper in Ishinomaki after the Great East Japan Disaster. The evidence reveals that in the immediate aftermath of the tsunami journalists recognised how their newspaper could serve the immediate information-needs of the local community by providing essential lifeline information, describing a duty to report, despite the operational difficulties that their newspapers faced. In the longer term recovery phase, interviewees acknowledged how their newspapers have attempted to communicate a message of hope to the city and provide an alternative perspective to the national media, which sometimes gave a false impression of the state of Ishinomaki’s recovery. This paper offers some insights into journalistic role conceptions, illustrating how journalists from the two newspapers embraced the role of information-disseminator after the disaster, and also identifies avenues for further research.