Heritage sporting events: theoretical development and configurations

ABSTRACT

Although sports heritage is increasingly recognized as a potential catalyst of tourism, heritage sporting events (HSEs) are still an emerging concept in the academic literature. Notions that associate sports events and heritage remain rare, and are usually analysed through the scope of nostalgia sport tourism. This can be partly explained by an inclination to associate the notion of heritage with conventional ideas about folklore and traditional culture. Through a constructivist approach of heritage, this contribution argues that contemporary sports events, which would generally have competition as their primary focus, might also be perceived as HSEs. A comprehensive framework, built on a multi-disciplinary literature review, is presented to show the process that transforms an initial resource (a sports event) into an accomplished resource (a HSE), which might represent a competitive advantage for the territory. A qualitative–comparative analysis is conducted among 24 sports events in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, to observe the configurations of HSEs and understand which characteristics are necessary for the perceptions of a sports event as a heritage good. Interestingly, this contribution shows that if the event needs to be sustainable in the territory to be perceived as a HSE, it is not sufficient. Indeed, a differentiation strategy should be set up to distinguish the event from other more or less similar events, to be perceived as an authentic feature of the territory by the local population.     

The university brand and social media: using data analytics to assess brand authenticity

Recent economic pressures have demanded higher education institutions respond with strong, authentic brand promises. This mixed method multi-case study explored the authenticity of common brand promises at three Universities in Canada through Twitter and Facebook postings from February to April 2016 using a cloud-based text and network analytic tool. Our study revealed the content shared on social media channels, while largely trustworthy, was fraught with shades of gray and revealed that sometimes brand promises were used against the university when they appeared disingenuous or threatened institutional norms around equity and social justice. Further, social media strategies are still largely limited to push notification suggesting universities are missing opportunities to strengthen their brand and counter negative messaging. For marketing managers it reinforces investments should be directed toward creating engaging and authentic content that can be expressed through multiple touch-points including social media and this can be monitored through low-cost analytic tools.     

寻找灵魂的现代人--陈染小说思想内涵探析

在中西文化的交汇处,在"知生知死"的终极意义上,个体有限生存面对无限广袤世界,对生命的意义进行形而上的追问,以此确定人生的价值取向、处世态度,这是陈染在小说领域坚持的一个可贵姿态,亦是中西文化的一个敏感的交接点.我们发现,经历了文艺复兴,经历了启蒙运动,科学和理性发达与伸张,进入现代化的西方世界,并未获得精神的平衡与满足,依然保持着对生命形而上追问的焦灼和对精神家园的瞩望,"生命不堪承受之轻".陈染以其聪慧和敏感,率先探足在寻找现代人精神家园的道路上,并在这条精神探险的道路上走得心事重重、困厄重重.     

论旅游演艺的文化体验性与原真性

近年来,我国旅游业和演艺业携手发展,带来新兴旅游演艺市场勃兴。为推动旅游演艺业可持续健康开发,并提升旅游演艺发展水平,有必要关注、研究和提升旅游演艺的文化体验性和原真性,在旅游地居民积极参与下实现旅游演艺的“舞台真实”。     

宋玉作品真伪辨析——《历代襄阳名作家研究》系列论文之一

关于宋玉的作品,《汉书·艺文志·诗赋略》载“宋玉赋十六篇”,但未列出篇名。当前学术界一般只承认《九辩》一篇为宋玉作品,其他都有问题或不足信。本文认为:宋玉作品,除《九辩》(辞)外,尚有赋体文章《风赋》、《高唐赋》、《神女赋》、《登徒子好色赋》等多篇。     

论对话的本真性、交往性和创造性

对话是人类思想与真理诞生的原初样式和本真状态,体现一种平等互动精神,具有构建功效和自主创新活力;对话是"正在"和"未在"之间的不断转换,具有内在的未完成性与自由开放性;在对话异中求同、同中求异的双向运动过程中,通过对照和引发,可以产生出更深邃、更新颖、更富有启发性和创造性的对话,同时不断实现视界的融合,从而促成新的意义创造。     

古村落型文化遗产旅游地历史保护体系、原则与策略

历史保护除要求对古迹遗址、历史建筑、传统民居及街巷和历史文化见证物等进行修缮外,更倡导对文化遗产地的经济、社会和文化结构中各种积极因素的保护和利用。目前,国内旅游业界和学界始终侧重于旅游业发展中的经济作用,其社会及文化影响尚未引起足够的重视。特别是古村落型文化遗产旅游地更是面临着亟待解决的诸多困境,因此,有必要借鉴并整合地理学、建筑学、城市规划学、民俗学和民族学对历史街区、非物质文化遗产和民族文化等问题的理论、方法与实践,构建多学科多层次的古村落型文化遗产旅游地历史保护体系,遵循遗产物质及环境整体性、文化原真性和社区参与及社会重建等原则,并采用创新及完善保护机制,实施历史文化保护区及博物馆化,试验文化及社会传统复兴等策略。     

论需求分析理论框架与交际测试法真实性的关系

需求分析是开展语言教学的首要阶段,其相关理论常用于外语课程改革和教学大纲设计的研究。语言测试作为对教学内容的检核和评估的手段,其测试内容的设计与需求分析也有明显的关联,但从需求分析的角度来探讨语言测试的相关性研究论述较少。文章对需求分析模型和语言测试真实性原则进行论述,并以IELTS听力试题为例阐述需求分析与交际语言测试真实性的相关性,探讨语言交际测试原则中真实性的实现途径,发现语言测试只有始终与持续性的语言需求分析相结合,客观反映受试者的语言水平,才能保障测试的真实性。     

秦桧“乞立赵氏”状真伪考辨

从有关乞立赵氏的四篇状文和相关史料记载可以看出,《宋史》及《挥麈录》等典籍记载的秦桧乞立赵氏第一状为秦桧伪造。真伪状文变化很大,且乞立赵氏状文首倡者不是秦桧,他只是连名者。秦桧凭借伪状捞取政治资本,掠美名,取富贵,势贯古今,其欺世盗名可见一斑。     

关于媒体对委内瑞拉政局报道的反思

本文就中外有关媒体围绕委内瑞拉政变的报道 ,进行了深入分析 ,并对中国有关媒体的报道得失做了反思。从而说明 ,作为新闻媒体和记者 ,在从事突发性国际大事报道时 ,要注意和善于从总体上、本质上以及发展趋势上把握事实的真实性。新闻报道必须是客观的、真实的、公正的 ,同时必须是有立场的。