The expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase associates with angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian cancer

Background The object of this study is to clarify the association of an angiogenic factor, PD-ECGF (platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase), with clinicopathologic factors, in this case tumor angiogenesis, in epithelial ovarian cancers. Methods Tumor specimens were obtained at the time of surgery from the primary lesion in 60 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Histologic cell types were assigned to tumors according to the World Health Organization classification: 26 were classified as serous adenocarcinoma, 15 as endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 9 as mucinous adenocarcinoma, 9 as clear cell carcinoma, and 1 as undifferentiated carcinoma. Surgical staging was based on the international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system: 16 were stage I, 6 were stage II, 34 were stage III, and 4 were stage IV. Expression of PD-ECGF was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Microvessel density was assessed by immunostaining for factor VIII-related antigen in the most neovascularized area. Results Stroma cells stained more strongly than cancer cells (80% vs. 33%). The immunopositivity of PD-ECGF in stroma cells was higher in cases of advanced cancer. Expression of PD-ECGF in mucinous adenocarcinomas was significantly higher than that in serous adenocarcinomas, while PD-ECGF expression in clear cell carcinomas was significantly lower. The microvessel density in the cases with marked PD-ECGF-positive stroma cells was significantly higher than that in the cases with absent/minimal PD-ECGF-positive stroma cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of PD-ECGF may play a crucial role in the promotion of angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian cancers.     

宫颈鳞癌组织中PD-ECGF C-erbB-2 Cath-D的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨PD-ECGF、C-erbB-2和Cath-D三种蛋白在宫颈鳞癌中表达的临床意义及其相关性.方法:应用免疫组化法检测87例宫颈鳞癌组织及23例对照组中PD-ECGF、C-erbB-2和Cath-D的表达,采用x2检验,分析三种蛋白表达与临床病理参数的关系.结果:1)PD-ECGF在宫颈鳞癌中表达率高且与临床分期及组织分化程度有关;2)C-erbB-2在宫颈鳞癌中的表达率和对照组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);表达率与临床分期、组织分化程度有显著相关性(P＜0.05);3)Cath-D的阳性表达率高于对照组,其表达与宫颈鳞癌组织分化程度、淋巴结转移相关;4)C-erbB-2与Cath-D之间阳性表达有显著相关性(P＜0.05).结论:PD-ECGF、C-erbB-2及Cath-D可作为判断宫颈鳞癌生物学行为的重要指标.     

血中血小板源性内皮细胞生长因子与肝细胞癌相关性的研究

目的 探讨血小板源性内皮细胞生长因子(PD-ECGF)在肝细胞癌的生长及转移中的意义。方法 选择原发性肝癌(HCC)、慢性肝炎(CH)、肝硬化(HC)与正常对照组,采用ELISA法测定各组血浆PD-ECGF的浓度。结果 HCC组血浆PD-ECGF水平最高(515±186 pg/ml),t＇检验表明与其它各组差异在统计学上有显著性意义(P<0.05)。t检验CH组(236±30 pg/ml)、HC组(248±26 pg/ml)与正常对照组(226±25 pg/ml)之间差异在统计学上无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论 血浆PD-ECGF水平可作为判断肝癌进展情况的一种标志物,对HCC的鉴别诊断、疗效观察有一定的指导性意义。     

血小板衍化内皮细胞生长因子在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:观察血小板衍化内皮细胞生长因子(PD-ECGF)在胰腺癌组织中的表达,探讨其临床意义.方法:利用Elivison免疫组织化学法检测36例手术切除的胰腺癌及21例癌旁正常胰腺组织,以及胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结肠癌、肺癌及乳腺癌组织各10例中PD-ECGF的表达.分析PD-ECGF与胰腺癌大小、分化程度及淋巴结转移的相关性.结果:PD-ECGF在胰腺癌组织中的表达阳性率显著高于在癌旁正常胰腺组织(88.9% vs 28.6%,P<0.01).PD-ECGF在结肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、食管癌、胃癌及肺癌组织中的表达阳性率为60%、70%、80%、90%、90%及80%.Ⅱ-Ⅳ期胰腺癌组织中PD-ECGF的表达阳性率显著高于Ⅰ期胰腺癌组织(100% vs 75%,P<0.05).结论:PD-ECGF为一种非特异性的肿瘤相关因子,其可能与胰腺癌的病程进展有关.     

PD-ECGF及VEGF在急性脑梗死患者中的动态变化

目的探讨PD-ECGF及VEGF在急性脑梗死患者中的动态变化。方法对2011年2月~2013年4月来我院进行治疗的60例急性脑梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据梗死体积将脑梗死组患者分为L(n=18)、M(n=23)、S(n=19)三个亚组,根据病因将脑梗死组患者分为大动脉粥样硬化组A(n=26)、小血管病变组B(n=18)、心源性组C(n=16)三个亚组;对照组为同期来我院进行健康体检的50例健康研究对象。比较梗死组患者发病后1、3、7、14 d及对照组的PD-ECGF及VEGF浓度。结果脑梗死组患者在发病后1、3、7、14d的PD-ECGF浓度及VEGF浓度均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。脑梗死发病后3d的PD-ECGF浓度高于其他的时间,发病后7d的VEGF浓度高于其他时间(P<0.05)。发病后3、7、14d,L组PD-ECGF浓度与S组比较明显增高,B组则明显低于A组、C组(P<0.05)。发病后7、14d,L组VEGF浓度明显高于S组,A组明显高于B组(P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者PD-ECGF及VEGF浓度与正常人比较明显增高,不同的梗死灶体积及不同病因类型升高的程度不同,与VEGF浓度达峰时间比较,PD-ECGF达峰时间更为提前。     

Endocrinology and paracrinology: The presence of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor in human endometrium and its characteristic expression during the menstrual cycle and early gestational period

Decidualized tissues are characterized by the intensive outgrowthof the microvasculature. Several angiogenic factors are assumedto be involved during the drastic change in the vasculatureoccurring in the process of decidualization. We examined thepossible role of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor(PD-ECGF), a known angiogenic factor, during the process ofearly decidualization in humans. The expression of PD-ECGF inhuman endometrium was demonstrated by Western blot analysis,a marked increase being found in decidualized endometrium. Immunohistochemicalstaining showed that PD-ECGF immunoreactivity was present mainlyin decidualized endometrial stromal cells. We established aprimary cell culture of human endometrial stromal cells whichwere differentiated into decidualized cells in vitro by theaddition of progesterone. In this cell culture system, progesteroneaugmented the expression of PD-ECGF in a dose-dependent fashion.The addition of progesterone also resulted in an increased releaseof prolactin, a well-known marker for decidualization. Thesefindings suggest that PD-ECGF may play a physiological roleas a possible angiogenic factor in the process of decidualizationof human endometrium.     

胃癌中血小板衍生内皮细胞生长因子的表达与微血管生成

目的研究探讨胃癌组织中血小板衍生内皮细胞生长因子（PD-ECGF）的表达及微血管密度（MVD）与胃癌生物学行为和血管生成的关系。方法应用免疫组化Elivision^TM法检测52份胃癌组织中PD—ECGF、CD34的表达并测定MVD，回顾分析胃癌患者的临床病理资料。结果胃癌组织中PD—ECGF的表达率为59．62％，平均MVD为72．60±16．87；伴有淋巴结转移组、侵及浆膜或浆膜外组的PD—ECGF的阳性率及MVD显著高于无淋巴结转移组、浸润深度未达浆膜层组，且Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期组的MVD高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期组；PD—ECGF阳性组的MVD高于阴性组。结论PD—ECGF参与了胃癌的浸润和转移及血管生成，PD—ECGF作为肿瘤抗血管治疗的靶点具有一定的价值。     

Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor as a prognostic factor for radiotherapy outcome in patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) and VEGF expressions of tumor cells as prognostic factors for radiotherapy outcome in patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS: In 47 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix which had been treated with radiation (1970-1995), PD-ECGF and VEGF expressions were determined using immunohistochemistry, and the relationships between PD-ECGF or VEGF expressions and local control or survival were assessed. RESULTS: PD-ECGF and VEGF expressions were successfully detected in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of adenocarcinoma cells of the uterine cervix. Of the 47 patients, 44.6 (21/47 cases) and 57.4% (27/47 cases) were positive for PD-ECGF and VEGF, respectively. There was no correlation between PD-ECGF or VEGF expressions and age, grade, or histologic subtypes. Stage and high expression of PD-ECGF showed a significant correlation to local control (P = 0.0025, P = 0.0057, respectively) and were significant independent prognostic factors for 5-year survival in multivariate analysis (P = 0.0039, P = 0.0032, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that PD-ECGF expression was a significant prognostic factor for radiotherapy outcome in patients with adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. Preradiation assessment of PD-ECGF expression may be helpful in selecting high-risk patients, providing them with opportunities to receive more sophisticated and individualized treatments.     

甲状腺乳头状癌微血管密度与VEGF、PD-ECGF表达的研究

 目的　研究甲状腺乳头状癌 (PTC)的血管生成及VEGF、PD ECGF的表达 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法　运用免疫组化方法检测 4 3例PTC ,10例甲状腺腺瘤和 10例正常甲状腺组织的MVD值和VEGF、PD ECGF的表达。结果　①PTC的MVD值和VEGF、PD ECGF的表达明显高于正常甲状腺组织 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;PTC的MVD值和VEGF的表达明显高于甲状腺腺瘤 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;甲状腺腺瘤的MVD值和VEGF、PD ECGF的表达明显高于正常甲状腺组织 (P <0 .0 5 )。②PTC的淋巴结转移状况与MVD值及VEGF的表达成正相关 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　血管生成在PTC的发生、发展中占有重要的地位。     

Tumor angiogenesis--a potential target in cancer chemoprevention.

Tumor angiogenesis is critically important for the growth of solid tumors as tumors remain in dormant phase for a long time in the absence of the initiation of blood vessel formation. Tumors can grow up to approximately 2mm size without requirement of blood supply as diffusion is sufficient at this level to support the removal of wastes from and supply of nutrients to tumor cells. Therefore, angiogenesis process could be an important target to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis is required at almost every step of tumor progression and metastasis, and tumor vasculature has been identified as strong prognostic marker for tumor grading. Endothelial cells are the main players of angiogenesis process and could be peculiar target for antiangiogenic therapy because they are non-transformed and easily accessible to achievable concentrations of antiangiogenic agents, and also are unlikely to acquire drug resistance. Several antiangiogenic strategies have been developed to inhibit tumor growth by targeting different components of tumor angiogenesis. Chemopreventive agents have been shown to target and inhibit different aspects and components of angiogenesis process and can be used conveniently as they are mostly non-toxic natural compounds and could be part of our daily diet. However, a risk assessment for the use of antiangiogenic phytochemicals is needed as they can also disrupt normal physiologic angiogenesis such as wound healing and endometrium development processes. This review focuses on how different chemopreventive phytochemicals target various components of angiogenesis, including angiogenic signaling, which usually starts from tumor cells producing angiogenic factors and affecting endothelial cells growth, migration and capillary vessel organization for tumor angiogenesis.